Preoperative Anemia Screening and Treatment Practices in Patients Having Total Joint Replacement Surgery: A Retrospective, Observational Audit.

patient blood management preoperative anemia surgery

Journal

Journal of blood medicine
ISSN: 1179-2736
Titre abrégé: J Blood Med
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 101550884

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2020
Historique:
received: 19 03 2020
accepted: 29 06 2020
entrez: 22 8 2020
pubmed: 22 8 2020
medline: 22 8 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Surgical patients with preoperative anemia are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Patient blood management (PBM) guidelines recommend screening and treating patients for anemia preoperatively to enable optimisation before surgery. This study investigates compliance with PBM guidelines and reports the association between length of stay and transfusion risk in patients with preoperative anemia. A retrospective, observational, chart audit that included all patients having primary, total hip and knee replacement surgery between July-December 2018 at a tertiary, metropolitan healthcare facility. Six hundred and seven patients patients were included, 96% (n = 583) patients had blood tests available (full blood count), and 8.1% (n = 49) had iron studies. Most patients 53% (n = 324) were screened between 2 and 6 days before surgery; 14.6% (n = 85) were anaemic preoperatively and only 5.9% (n = 5) of anaemic patients received treatment. Patients who had anemia preoperatively were more likely to receive a blood transfusion (odds ratio 8.65 [95% CI 3.98-18.76]) and stayed longer in hospital (median difference = 1, χ Tests ordered for patients having major surgery should include iron studies, renal function, CRP and full blood count to enable detection and classification of preoperative anemia. Timing of screening relative to surgery needs to be sufficient to allow patient optimisation to occur. Appropriate treatment should be provided to anaemic patients to prevent unnecessary blood transfusions and reduce the length of stay. A standardised preoperative anemia pathway may assist in improving practice.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Surgical patients with preoperative anemia are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Patient blood management (PBM) guidelines recommend screening and treating patients for anemia preoperatively to enable optimisation before surgery. This study investigates compliance with PBM guidelines and reports the association between length of stay and transfusion risk in patients with preoperative anemia.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS METHODS
A retrospective, observational, chart audit that included all patients having primary, total hip and knee replacement surgery between July-December 2018 at a tertiary, metropolitan healthcare facility.
RESULTS RESULTS
Six hundred and seven patients patients were included, 96% (n = 583) patients had blood tests available (full blood count), and 8.1% (n = 49) had iron studies. Most patients 53% (n = 324) were screened between 2 and 6 days before surgery; 14.6% (n = 85) were anaemic preoperatively and only 5.9% (n = 5) of anaemic patients received treatment. Patients who had anemia preoperatively were more likely to receive a blood transfusion (odds ratio 8.65 [95% CI 3.98-18.76]) and stayed longer in hospital (median difference = 1, χ
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Tests ordered for patients having major surgery should include iron studies, renal function, CRP and full blood count to enable detection and classification of preoperative anemia. Timing of screening relative to surgery needs to be sufficient to allow patient optimisation to occur. Appropriate treatment should be provided to anaemic patients to prevent unnecessary blood transfusions and reduce the length of stay. A standardised preoperative anemia pathway may assist in improving practice.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32821186
doi: 10.2147/JBM.S254116
pii: 254116
pmc: PMC7418168
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

259-265

Informations de copyright

© 2020 Delaforce et al.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors report no conflicts of interest for this work.

Références

Lancet. 2016 Feb 27;387(10021):907-16
pubmed: 26314490
Transfusion. 2017 Jun;57(6):1347-1358
pubmed: 28150313
Transfusion. 2011 Nov;51(11):2500-9
pubmed: 22023185
Transfusion. 2014 Feb;54(2):289-99
pubmed: 23581484
Lancet. 2019 Jun 1;393(10187):2201-2212
pubmed: 31036337
J Blood Med. 2018 Jun 18;9:83-90
pubmed: 29950914
Intern Med J. 2017 Dec;47(12):1400-1404
pubmed: 28869718
N Z Med J. 2019 Oct 4;132(1503):13-24
pubmed: 31581178
N Engl J Med. 2017 Sep 28;377(13):1261-1272
pubmed: 28953438
Transfus Med. 2019 Oct;29(5):311-318
pubmed: 31327171
Perioper Med (Lond). 2017 Jan 21;6:1
pubmed: 28127421
Implement Sci. 2020 Jan 17;15(1):6
pubmed: 31952514
Anaesthesia. 2019 Jan;74 Suppl 1:49-57
pubmed: 30604424
Blood Transfus. 2017 Jul;15(4):325-328
pubmed: 28488975
Anesth Analg. 2018 Nov;127(5):1211-1220
pubmed: 29064875

Auteurs

Alana Delaforce (A)

School of Nursing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Mater Research, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Lemya Galeel (L)

Mater Research, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Edgar Poon (E)

School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Cameron Hurst (C)

QIMR Berghoffer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Jed Duff (J)

School of Nursing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Judy Munday (J)

School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
School of Nursing, The University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.

Janet Hardy (J)

Mater Research, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Classifications MeSH