Causes and Effects Contributing to Sudden Death in Epilepsy and the Rationale for Prevention and Intervention.
SUDEP
airway obstruction
apnea
laryngospasm
respiratory arrest
Journal
Frontiers in neurology
ISSN: 1664-2295
Titre abrégé: Front Neurol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101546899
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
13
01
2020
accepted:
22
06
2020
entrez:
28
8
2020
pubmed:
28
8
2020
medline:
28
8
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) claims the lives of one in every thousand epileptic patients each year. Autonomic, cardiac, and respiratory pieces to a mechanistic puzzle have not yet been completely assembled. We propose a single sequence of causes and effects that unifies disparate and competitive concepts into a single algorithm centered on ictal obstructive apnea. Based on detailed animal studies that are sometimes impossible in humans, and striking parallels with a growing body of clinical examples, this framework (1) accounts for the autonomic, cardiac, and respiratory data to date by showing the causal relationships between specific elements, and (2) highlights specific kinds of data that can be used to precisely classify various patient outcomes. The framework also justifies a "near miss" designation to be applied to any cases with evidence of obstructive apnea even, and perhaps especially, in individuals that do not require resuscitation. Lastly, the rationale for preventative oxygen therapy is demonstrated. With better mechanistic understanding of SUDEP, we suggest changes for detection and classification to increase survival rates and improve risk stratification.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32849221
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00765
pmc: PMC7411179
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
765Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Stewart, Silverman, Sundaram and Kollmar.
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