Identity enactment as collective accomplishment: Religious identity enactment at home and at a festival.

identity enactment mass gatherings shared identity social identity

Journal

The British journal of social psychology
ISSN: 2044-8309
Titre abrégé: Br J Soc Psychol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8105534

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Apr 2021
Historique:
revised: 26 06 2020
received: 10 10 2019
pubmed: 29 8 2020
medline: 26 10 2021
entrez: 29 8 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Much research addresses the proposition that identifying with a group shapes individuals' behaviour. Typically, such research employs experimental or survey methods, measuring or manipulating social identification and relating this to various outcome variables. Although shedding much light on the processes involved in the identity-behaviour relationship, such research tends to overlook the various constraints that limit individuals' abilities to act in accordance with their identities. Using interview data gathered in north India, we explore the factors affecting the enactment of a religious identity. More specifically, using data gathered at a religious mass gathering, we compare and contrast participants' reports of identity enactment when they are at the event and when they are in their home villages. These two contexts differ in terms of their social organization, especially the degree to which they are marked by the presence of a shared identity. Exploring participants' accounts of such differences in social organization, we consider the social processes that constrain or facilitate identity enactment. In so doing, our analysis contributes to a richer analysis of the identity-behaviour relationship.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32856331
doi: 10.1111/bjso.12415
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

678-699

Subventions

Organisme : ESRC
ID : RES-062-23-1449

Informations de copyright

© 2020 The Authors. British Journal of Social Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Psychological Society.

Références

Abrams, D., Wetherell, M., Cochrane, S., Hogg, M. A., & Turner, J. C. (1990). Knowing what to think by knowing who you are: Self-categorization and the nature of norm formation, conformity and group polarization. British Journal of Social Psychology, 29, 97-119. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1990.tb00892.x
Balsari, S., Greenough, P. G., Kazi, D., Heerboth, A., Dwivedi, S., & Leaning, J. (2016). Public health aspects of the world's largest mass gathering: The 2013 Kumbh Mela in Allahabad, India. Journal of Public Health Policy, 37, 411-427. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41271-016-0034-z
Bechofer, F., & McCrone, D. (2014). Changing claims in context: National identity revisited. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 37, 1350-1370. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2012.676204
Boyatzis, R. E. (1998). Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Buzinde, C. N., Kalavar, J. M., Kohli, N., & Manuel-Navarrete, D. (2014). Emic understandings of Kumbh Mela pilgrimage experiences. Annals of Tourism Research, 49, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.08.001
Cheryan, S., & Monin, B. (2005). ‘Where are you really from?’: Asian Americans and identity denial. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 717-730. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.5.717
Coleman, S. (2002). Do you believe in pilgrimage? Communitas, contestation and beyond. Anthropology Theory, 2, 355-368. https://doi.org/10.1177/1463499602002003805
Coleman, S., & Elsner, J. (1995). Pilgrimage: Past and present in the world religions. Cambridge, UK: Harvard University Press.
Dalal, A. (2010). Psychosocial interventions for community development. In G. Misra (Ed.), Psychology in India (Vol 3). Clinical and health psychology (pp. 361-398). Delhi, India: Longman-Pearson.
Doliński, D. (2018). Is psychology still a science of behaviour?. Social Psychological Bulletin, 13, e25025. https://doi.org/10.5964/spb.v13i2.25025
Doniger, W. (2009). The Hindus: An alternative history. New York, NY: Penguin Press.
Drury, J., & Reicher, S. D. (1999). The intergroup dynamics of collective empowerment: Substantiating the social identity model. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 2, 381-402. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430299024005
Drury, J., & Reicher, S. (2005). Explaining enduring empowerment: A comparative study of collective action and psychological outcomes. European Journal of Social Psychology, 35, 35-58. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.231
Drury, J., & Reicher, S. D. (2009). Collective psychological empowerment as a model of social change: Researching crowds and power. Journal of Social Issues, 65, 707-725. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2009.01622.x
Durkheim, É. (1912, 1995). The elementary forms of religious life. Translated by K.E. Fields. New York, NY: Free Press.
Eade, J., & M. Sallnow (Eds.) (1991). Contesting the Sacred: The anthropology of Christian pilgrimage. London, UK: Routledge.
Elliott, R., Fischer, C. T., & Rennie, D. L. (1999). Evolving guidelines for publication of qualitative research studies in psychology and related fields. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38, 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466599162782
Hackel, L. M., Coppin, G., Wohl, M., & van Bavel, J. J. (2018). From groups to grits: Social identity shapes evaluations of food pleasantness. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 74, 270-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2017.09.007
Hacker, P. (2006). Dharma in Hinduism. Journal of Indian Philosophy, 34, 479-496. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-006-9002-4
Hall, W., Schmader, T., Aday, A., & Croft, E. (2019). Decoding the dynamics of social identity threat in the workplace: A within-person analysis of women’s and men’s interactions in STEM. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10, 542-552. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550618772582
Haslam, S. A., & McGarty, C. (2001). A 100 years of certitude? Social psychology, the experimental method and the management of scientific uncertainty. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466601164669
Haslam, S. A., Reicher, S. D., & Levine, M. (2012). When other people are heaven, when other people are hell: How social identity determines the nature and impact of social support. In J. Jetten, C. Haslam, & S. A. Haslam (Eds.), The social cure (pp. 157-174). London, UK: Psychology Press.
Haslam, S. A., Turner, J. C., Oakes, P. J., McGarty, C., & Hayes, B. K. (1992). Context-dependent variation in social stereotyping: I. The effects of intergroup relations as mediated by social change and frame of reference. European Journal of Social Psychology, 22, 3-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420220104
Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33, 61-83. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0999152X
Hopkins, N., Reicher, S., Khan, S. S., Tewari, S., Srinivasan, N., & Stevenson, C. (2016). Explaining effervescence: Investigating the relationship between shared social identity and positive experience in crowds. Cognition and Emotion, 30, 20-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2015.1015969
Hopkins, N., Reicher, S., Stevenson, C., Pandey, K., Shankar, S., & Tewari, S. (2019). Social relations in crowds: Recognition, validation and solidarity. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49, 1283-1297. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2586
Hopkins, N., Reicher, S., & van Rijswijk, W. (2015). Everyday citizenship: Identity claims and their reception. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 3, 84-106. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v3i2.380
Hornsey, M. (2008). Social identity theory and self-categorization theory: A historical review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2, 204-222. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00066.x
Huddy, L. (2002). Context and meaning in Social Identity Theory: A response to Oakes. Political Psychology, 23, 825-838. https://doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00309
Jetten, J., C. Haslam, & S. A. Haslam (Eds.) (2012). The social cure: Identity, health, and well-being. London, UK & New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Khan, S., Hopkins, N., Reicher, S., Tewari, S., Srinivasan, N., & Stevenson, C. (2016). How collective participation impacts social identity: A longitudinal study from India. Political Psychology, 37, 309-325. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12260
King, R. (1999). Orientalism and the modern myth of ‘Hinduism’. Numen, 46, 146-185. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568527991517950
Ledwith, S., & Colgan, F. (1996). Women in organisations: Challenging gender politics. London, UK: Macmillan Press.
McPherson, G., & Thorne, S. (2006). Exploiting exceptions to enhance interpretive qualitative health research: Insights from a study of cancer communication. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5, 73-86. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690600500210
Neville, F., & Reicher, S. D. (2011). The experience of collective participation: Shared identity, relatedness and emotionality. Contemporary Social Science, 6, 377-396. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2012.627277
Oakes, P. J. (1987). The salience of social categories. In J. C. Turner, M. A. Hogg, P. J. Oakes, S. D. Reicher & M. S. Wetherell (Eds.), Rediscovering the social group (pp. 117-141). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
Oakes, P. J., Haslam, S. A., & Turner, J. C. (1994). Stereotyping and social reality. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
Oakes, P. J., Turner, J. C., & Haslam, S. A. (1991). Perceiving people as group members: The role of fit in the salience of social categorizations. British Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 125-144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1991.tb00930.x
O'Donnell, A. T., Muldoon, O. T., Blaylock, D. L., Stevenson, C., Bryan, D., Reicher, S. D., & Pehrson, S. (2016). 'Something That Unites Us All': Understandings of St. Patrick's Day parades as representing the Irish national group. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 26, 61-74. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2236
Olaveson, T. (2001). Collective effervescence and communitas: Processual models of ritual and society in Emile Durkheim and victor turner. Dialectical Anthropology, 26, 89-124. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020447706406
Pandey, K., Stevenson, C., Shankar, S., Hopkins, N., & Reicher, S. (2014). Cold comfort at the Magh Mela: Social identity processes and physical hardship. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 675-690. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12054
Pehrson, S., Stevenson, C., Muldoon, O. T., & Reicher, S. D. (2014). Is everyone Irish on St Patrick's Day? Divergent expectations and experiences of collective self-objectification at a multicultural parade. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 249-264. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12029
Postmes, T., & Spears, R. (1998). Deindividuation and antinormative behavior: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 123(3), 238-259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.123.3.238
Rafaeli, A., Dutton, J., Harquail, C. V., & Mackie-Lewis, S. (1997). Navigating by attire: The use of dress by female administrative employees. Academy of Management Journal, 40, 9-45. https://doi.org/10.5465/257019
Reicher, S. D. (1984a). The St. Pauls' riot: An explanation of the limits of crowd action in terms of a social identity model. European Journal of Social Psychology, 14, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420140102
Reicher, S. D. (1984b). Social influence in the crowd: Attitudinal and behavioural effects of de-individuation in conditions of high and low group salience. British Journal of Social Psychology, 23, 341-350. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1984.tb00650.x
Reicher, S. D. (1996). The battle of Westminster: Developing the social identity model of crowd behaviour in order to deal with the initiation and development of collective conflict. European Journal of Social Psychology, 26, 115-134. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199601)26:1<115:AID-EJSP740>3.0.CO;2-Z
Reicher, S. D. (2017). “La beauté est dans la rue”: Four reasons (or perhaps five) to study crowds. Group processes and Intergroup Relations, 20, 593-605. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430217712835
Reicher, S. D., Haslam, S. A., Spears, R., & Reynolds, K. J. (2012). A social mind: The context of John Turner's work and its influence. European Review of Social Psychology, 23, 344-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2012.745672
Reicher, S. D., & Hopkins, N. (1996). Seeking influence through characterizing self-categories: An analysis of anti-abortionist rhetoric. British Journal of Social Psychology, 35, 297-311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1996.tb01099.x
Reicher, S. D., & Hopkins, N. (2000). Self and nation. London, UK: Sage.
Reicher, S. D., & Levine, M. (1994). Deindividuation, power relations between groups and the expression of social identity: The effects of visibility to the out-group. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33(2), 145-163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1994.tb01015.x
Reicher, S. D., Levine, R. M., & Gordijn, E. (1998). More on deindividuation, power relations between groups and the expression of social identity: Three studies on the effect of visibility to the in-group. British Journal of Social Psychology, 37, 15-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1998.tb01155.x
Reicher, S. D., Spears, R., & Haslam, S. A. (2010). The social identity approach in social psychology. In M. Wetherell & C. T. Mohanty (Eds.), The Sage handbook of identities (pp. 45-62). London, UK: Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446200889.n4
Ruback, R. B., Pandey, J., & Kohli, N. (2008). Evaluations of a sacred place: Role and religious belief at the Magh Mela. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28, 174-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.10.007
Sallnow, M. J. (1981). Communitas reconsidered: The sociology of Andean pilgrimage. Man, 16, 163-182. https://doi.org/10.2307/2801393
Sassenberg, K., & Ditrich, L. (2019). Research in social psychology changed between 2011 and 2016: Larger sample sizes, more self-report measures, and more online studies. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 2, 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245919838781
Stevenson, C., & Abell, J. (2011). Enacting national concerns: Anglo-British accounts of the 2002 Royal Golden Jubilee. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 21, 124-137. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.1070
Stott, C., Ball, R., Drury, J., Neville, F., Reicher, S., Boardman, A., & Choudhury, S. (2018). The evolving normative dimensions of ‘riot’: Toward an elaborated social identity explanation. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49, 834-849. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2376
Stott, C., Drury, J., & Reicher, S. D. (2017). On the role of a social identity analysis in articulating structure and collective action: The 2011 Riots in Tottenham and Hackney. The British Journal of Criminology, 57, 964-981. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azw036
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. Austin & S. S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33-47). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Turner, J. C. (1982). Towards a cognitive redefinition of the social group. In H. Tajfel (Eds.), Social identity and intergroup relations (pp. 15-40). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Turner, J. C. (1991). Social influence. Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.
Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. C. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorisation theory. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell.
Turner, J. C., Oakes, P. J., Haslam, S. A., & McGarty, C. (1994). Self and collective: Cognition & social context. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 454-463. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167294205002
van Zomeren, M., Postmes, T., Spears, R., & Bettache, K. (2011). Can moral convictions motivate the advantaged to challenge social inequality? Extending the social identity model of collective action. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 14, 735-753. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430210395637
Wakefield, J. R. H., Hopkins, N., Cockburn, C., Shek, K. M., Muirhead, A., Reicher, S., & van Rijswijk, W. (2011). Impact of adopting ethnic or civic conceptions of national belonging for others’ treatment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 1599-1610. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616721141613117

Auteurs

Clifford Stevenson (C)

Nottingham Trent University, UK.

Kavita Pandey (K)

Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.

Shail Shankar (S)

Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.

Shruti Tewari (S)

Indian Institute of Management, Indore, India.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH