The Effect of Blood Ketone Concentration and Exercise Intensity on Exogenous Ketone Oxidation Rates in Athletes.
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
/ administration & dosage
Athletes
Cross-Over Studies
Energy Metabolism
/ physiology
Exercise
/ physiology
Exercise Test
Female
Glycogen
/ metabolism
Humans
Ketones
/ administration & dosage
Ketosis
/ metabolism
Male
Muscle Fibers, Skeletal
/ metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal
/ metabolism
Oxidation-Reduction
Physical Exertion
Single-Blind Method
Time Factors
Young Adult
Journal
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
ISSN: 1530-0315
Titre abrégé: Med Sci Sports Exerc
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8005433
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 03 2021
01 03 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
2
9
2020
medline:
22
6
2021
entrez:
2
9
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Exogenous ketones potentially provide an alternative, energetically advantageous fuel to power exercising skeletal muscle. However, there is limited evidence regarding their relative contribution to energy expenditure during exercise. Furthermore, the effect of blood ketone concentration and exercise intensity on exogenous ketone oxidation rates is unknown. Six athletes completed cycling ergometer exercise on three occasions within a single-blind, random-order controlled, crossover design study. Exercise duration was 60 min, consisting of 20-min intervals at 25%, 50%, and 75% maximal power output (WMax). Participants consumed (i) bitter flavored water (control), (ii) a low-dose β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) ketone monoester (KME; 252 mg·kg BW-1, "low ketosis"), or (iii) a high-dose βHB KME (752 mg·kg BW-1, "high ketosis"). The KME contained a 13C isotope label, allowing for the determination of whole-body exogenous βHB oxidation rates through sampled respiratory gases. Despite an approximate doubling of blood βHB concentrations between low- and high-ketosis conditions (~2 mM vs ~4.4 mM), exogenous βHB oxidation rates were similar at rest and throughout exercise. The contribution of exogenous βHB oxidation to energy expenditure peaked during the 25% WMax exercise intensity but was relatively low (4.46% ± 2.71%). Delta efficiency during cycling exercise was significantly greater in the low-ketosis (25.9% ± 2.1%) versus control condition (24.1% ± 1.9%; P = 0.027). Regardless of exercise intensity, exogenous βHB oxidation contributes minimally to energy expenditure and is not increased by elevating circulating concentrations greater than ~2 mM. Despite low exogenous βHB oxidation rates, exercise efficiency was significantly improved when blood βHB concentration was raised to ~2 mM.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32868580
pii: 00005768-202103000-00006
doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002502
pmc: PMC7886359
doi:
Substances chimiques
Ketones
0
Glycogen
9005-79-2
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
TZP1275679
Types de publication
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
505-516Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine.
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