A 500-year tale of co-evolution, adaptation, and virulence: Helicobacter pylori in the Americas.
Journal
The ISME journal
ISSN: 1751-7370
Titre abrégé: ISME J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101301086
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2021
01 2021
Historique:
received:
02
03
2020
accepted:
24
08
2020
revised:
27
07
2020
pubmed:
4
9
2020
medline:
22
4
2021
entrez:
4
9
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Helicobacter pylori is a common component of the human stomach microbiota, possibly dating back to the speciation of Homo sapiens. A history of pathogen evolution in allopatry has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations, associated with different human populations, and more recent admixture among H. pylori subpopulations can provide information about human migrations. However, little is known about the degree to which some H. pylori genes are conserved in the face of admixture, potentially indicating host adaptation, or how virulence genes spread among different populations. We analyzed H. pylori genomes from 14 countries in the Americas, strains from the Iberian Peninsula, and public genomes from Europe, Africa, and Asia, to investigate how admixture varies across different regions and gene families. Whole-genome analyses of 723 H. pylori strains from around the world showed evidence of frequent admixture in the American strains with a complex mosaic of contributions from H. pylori populations originating in the Americas as well as other continents. Despite the complex admixture, distinctive genomic fingerprints were identified for each region, revealing novel American H. pylori subpopulations. A pan-genome Fst analysis showed that variation in virulence genes had the strongest fixation in America, compared with non-American populations, and that much of the variation constituted non-synonymous substitutions in functional domains. Network analyses suggest that these virulence genes have followed unique evolutionary paths in the American populations, spreading into different genetic backgrounds, potentially contributing to the high risk of gastric cancer in the region.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32879462
doi: 10.1038/s41396-020-00758-0
pii: 10.1038/s41396-020-00758-0
pmc: PMC7853065
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
78-92Subventions
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA190612
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA068485
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : K07 CA125588
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P01 CA028842
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/L015080/1
Pays : United Kingdom
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