Unifying casualty distributions within and across conflicts.

Conflict Interdisciplinary Modeling Physics Social systems Sociophysics

Journal

Heliyon
ISSN: 2405-8440
Titre abrégé: Heliyon
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101672560

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Aug 2020
Historique:
received: 03 12 2019
revised: 28 07 2020
accepted: 25 08 2020
entrez: 14 9 2020
pubmed: 15 9 2020
medline: 15 9 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The distribution of whole war sizes and the distribution of event sizes within individual wars, can both be well approximated by power laws where size is measured by the number of fatalities. However the power-law exponent value for whole wars has a substantially smaller magnitude - and hence a flatter distribution - than for individual wars. We provide detailed numerical evidence that confirms that these numerically different power-law exponent values are interrelated in a simple way by the effect of aggregating fatalities from individual events within wars to whole wars. We offer intuition for this finding and hence strengthen the case for a unified description and understanding of human conflict across scales.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32923727
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04808
pii: S2405-8440(20)31651-0
pii: e04808
pmc: PMC7475112
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

e04808

Informations de copyright

© 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Références

Nature. 2009 Dec 17;462(7275):911-4
pubmed: 20016600
Sci Rep. 2013 Dec 10;3:3463
pubmed: 24322528
Sci Adv. 2018 Feb 21;4(2):eaao3580
pubmed: 29507877
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 17;13(10):e0204639
pubmed: 30332451

Auteurs

Michael Spagat (M)

Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK.

Stijn van Weezel (S)

Nijmegen School of Management, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

D Dylan Johnson Restrepo (DD)

George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.

Minzhang Zheng (M)

Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

Neil F Johnson (NF)

George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.

Classifications MeSH