Treating subclinical and clinical symptoms of insomnia with a mindfulness-based smartphone application: A pilot study.
ANOVA, analysis of variance
ISI, Insomnia Severity Index
MBSR, mindfulness-based stress reduction
Mindfulness
NA, negative affect
PA, positive affect
PMR, progressive muscle relaxation
PSAS (Cog), cognitive subscale of Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale
PSAS (Som), somatic subscale of Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale
PSAS, Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale
Pre-sleep arousal
Progressive muscle relaxation
SFI, sleep fragmentation index
SOL, sleep onset latency
Sleep
Smartphone applications
TIB, time in bed
TST, total sleep time
TWT, total wake time
WASO, wake after sleep onset
Journal
Internet interventions
ISSN: 2214-7829
Titre abrégé: Internet Interv
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101631612
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2020
Sep 2020
Historique:
received:
06
02
2020
revised:
08
06
2020
accepted:
08
06
2020
entrez:
17
9
2020
pubmed:
18
9
2020
medline:
18
9
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Emerging research suggests that face-to-face group mindfulness-based therapies are an effective intervention for insomnia. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based smartphone application for improving objectively-measured sleep, self-reported sleep, insomnia severity, pre-sleep arousal and daytime mood. A community sample of 23 adults with subclinical to moderately severe symptoms of insomnia were randomized to either a mindfulness or progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) smartphone application for 40 or 60 days. Objective sleep outcomes assessed using actigraphy, and self-report measures of total wake time, cognitive and somatic pre-sleep arousal, and daytime positive and negative affect were assessed for 14 nights at baseline and post-intervention. Insomnia severity was recorded at baseline and post-intervention. A greater reduction in sleep onset latency was observed in the mindfulness group over time, relative to the PMR group. The mindfulness group also reported medium effect size improvements for sleep efficiency. No significant interaction effects were found for self-reported sleep measures, however, main effects of time were found for both groups for total wake time, insomnia severity, cognitive pre-sleep arousal, and daytime positive and negative affect. These preliminary findings suggest that both mindfulness and PMR smartphone applications have the potential to improve symptoms of insomnia. In particular, this mindfulness-based smartphone application may improve sleep onset latency and reduce the duration of night-awakenings. Further research exploring digital therapeutics as a self-help option for those with insomnia is needed.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
Emerging research suggests that face-to-face group mindfulness-based therapies are an effective intervention for insomnia. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based smartphone application for improving objectively-measured sleep, self-reported sleep, insomnia severity, pre-sleep arousal and daytime mood.
METHOD
METHODS
A community sample of 23 adults with subclinical to moderately severe symptoms of insomnia were randomized to either a mindfulness or progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) smartphone application for 40 or 60 days. Objective sleep outcomes assessed using actigraphy, and self-report measures of total wake time, cognitive and somatic pre-sleep arousal, and daytime positive and negative affect were assessed for 14 nights at baseline and post-intervention. Insomnia severity was recorded at baseline and post-intervention.
RESULTS
RESULTS
A greater reduction in sleep onset latency was observed in the mindfulness group over time, relative to the PMR group. The mindfulness group also reported medium effect size improvements for sleep efficiency. No significant interaction effects were found for self-reported sleep measures, however, main effects of time were found for both groups for total wake time, insomnia severity, cognitive pre-sleep arousal, and daytime positive and negative affect.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
These preliminary findings suggest that both mindfulness and PMR smartphone applications have the potential to improve symptoms of insomnia. In particular, this mindfulness-based smartphone application may improve sleep onset latency and reduce the duration of night-awakenings. Further research exploring digital therapeutics as a self-help option for those with insomnia is needed.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32939342
doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2020.100335
pii: S2214-7829(20)30101-9
pii: 100335
pmc: PMC7479350
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
100335Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The research was supported by Headspace. Headspace had no role in study design, analysis or manuscript preparation. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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