Is the King-Devick Test a Reliable Tool in Wheelchair Athletes? A Preliminary Prospective Study in Wheelchair Basketball.
Journal
Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
ISSN: 1536-3724
Titre abrégé: Clin J Sport Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9103300
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 03 2022
01 03 2022
Historique:
received:
12
04
2020
accepted:
10
08
2020
pubmed:
22
9
2020
medline:
22
4
2022
entrez:
21
9
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
(1) To determine the reliability of the King-Devick (KD) test among wheelchair basketball athletes across a season and (2) to compare the KD test time changes among those with and without a clinically suspected concussion. Prospective, observational study. Division 3 college athletics department. Twenty-nine intercollegiate wheelchair basketball athletes. Athletes were prospectively monitored for concussions throughout the 2018 to 2019 season. King-Devick testing was completed preseason, midseason, postseason, and after clinically suspected concussions. Two-way random effects intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. Friedman's test and pairwise comparison with Bonferroni correction were used to compare for change over time. Mean KD times and changes were compared between athletes with and without suspected concussion. The KD test demonstrated good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.826). Among participants without a concussion, there was a significant decrease in the mean KD test time from preseason to midseason (-3.3 seconds; P = 0.0167) and preseason to postseason (-3.3 seconds; P = 0.0167). No change was seen from mid-to-post season. Six athletes had 7 suspected concussions. Each demonstrated an increase in the KD test time, with a mean increase from 44.3 ± 9.5 seconds to 53.7 ± 12.8 seconds. King-Devick test times returned to or below baseline by postseason. The KD test shows good reliability among wheelchair basketball athletes without a concussion. A learning effect is demonstrated initially but plateaus on subsequent testing. Unlike athletes without a concussion, players with a clinically suspected concussion showed an increase in the KD test time.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32956101
pii: 00042752-202203000-00021
doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000889
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Observational Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e134-e138Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Références
McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Dvorak J, et al. Consensus statement on concussion in sport-the 5(th) international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016. Br J Sports Med. 2017;51:838–847.
Kerr ZY, Hayden R, Dompier TP, et al. Association of equipment worn and concussion injury rates in National Collegiate Athletic Association football practices: 2004-2005 to 2008-2009 academic years. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43:1134–1141.
Zuckerman SL, Kerr ZY, Yengo-Kahn A, et al. Epidemiology of sports-related concussion in NCAA athletes from 2009-2010 to 2013-2014: incidence, recurrence, and mechanisms. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43:2654–2662.
Gold JR, Gold MM. Access for all: the rise of the paralympic games. J R Soc Promot Health 2007;127:133–141.
Blauwet C, Lexell J, Derman W, et al. The road to rio: medical and scientific perspectives on the 2016 paralympic games. PM R. 2016;8:798–801.
Wessels KK, Broglio SP, Sosnoff JJ. Concussions in wheelchair basketball. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93:275–278.
Weiler R, Van Mechelen W, Fuller C, et al. Do neurocognitive SCAT3 baseline test scores differ between footballers (soccer) living with and without disability? A cross-sectional study. Clin J Sport Med. 2018;28:43–50.
Galetta KM, Brandes LE, Maki K, et al. The King-Devick test and sports-related concussion: study of a rapid visual screening tool in a collegiate cohort. J Neurol Sci. 2011;309:34–39.
Galetta MS, Galetta KM, McCrossin J, et al. Saccades and memory: baseline associations of the King-Devick and SCAT2 SAC tests in professional ice hockey players. J Neurol Sci. 2013;328:28–31.
Leong DF, Balcer LJ, Galetta SL, et al. The King-Devick test for sideline concussion screening in collegiate football. J Optom. 2015;8:131–139.
Oride MK, Marutani JK, Rouse MW, et al. Reliability study of the Pierce and King-Devick saccade tests. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1986;63:419–424.
Sussman ES, Ho AL, Pendharkar AV, et al. Clinical evaluation of concussion: the evolving role of oculomotor assessments. Neurosurg Focus. 2016;40:E7.
Ventura RE, Jancuska JM, Balcer LJ, et al. Diagnostic tests for concussion: is vision part of the puzzle? J Neuro Ophthalmol. 2015;35:73–81.
Dhawan PS, Leong D, Tapsell L, et al. King-Devick Test identifies real-time concussion and asymptomatic concussion in youth athletes. Neurol Clin Pract. 2017;7:464–473.
Galetta KM, Barrett J, Allen M, et al. The King-Devick test as a determinant of head trauma and concussion in boxers and MMA fighters. Neurology. 2011;76:1456–1462.
Heitger MH, Jones RD, Macleod AD, et al. Impaired eye movements in post-concussion syndrome indicate suboptimal brain function beyond the influence of depression, malingering or intellectual ability. Brain. 2009;132:2850–2870.
Worts PR, Schatz P, Burkhart SO. Test performance and test-retest reliability of the vestibular/ocular motor screening and king-devick test in adolescent athletes during a competitive sport season: response. Am J Sports Med. 2019;47:NP13–NP14.