Distribution of household disinfection kits during the 2014-2015 Ebola virus outbreak in Monrovia, Liberia: The MSF experience.


Journal

PLoS neglected tropical diseases
ISSN: 1935-2735
Titre abrégé: PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101291488

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 2020
Historique:
received: 09 03 2020
accepted: 29 06 2020
revised: 01 10 2020
pubmed: 22 9 2020
medline: 24 10 2020
entrez: 21 9 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

During the initial phase of the 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Monrovia, Liberia, all hospitals' isolation capacities were overwhelmed by the sheer caseload. As a stop-gap measure to halt transmission, Medecins sans Frontieres (MSF) distributed household disinfection kits to those who were at high risk of EVD contamination. The kit contained chlorine and personal protective materials to be used for the care of a sick person or the handling of a dead body. This intervention was novel and controversial for MSF. This paper shed the light on this experience of distribution in Monrovia and assess if kits were properly used by recipients. Targeted distribution was conducted to those at high risk of EVD (relatives of confirmed EVD cases) and health staff. Mass distributions were also conducted to households in the most EVD affected urban districts. A health promotion strategy focused on the purpose and use of the kit was integrated into the distribution. Follow-up phone calls to recipients were conducted to enquire about the use of the kit. Overall, 65,609 kits were distributed between September and November 2014. A total of 1,386 recipients were reached by phone. A total of 60 cases of sickness and/or death occurred in households who received a kit. The majority of these (46, 10%) were in households of relatives of confirmed EVD cases. Overall, usage of the kits was documented in 56 out of 60 affected households. Out of the 1322 households that did not experience sickness and/or death after the distribution, 583 (44%) made use of elements of the kit, mainly (94%) chlorine for hand-washing. At the peak of an EVD outbreak, the distribution of household disinfection kits was feasible and kits were appropriately used by the majority of recipients. In similar circumstances in the future, the intervention should be considered.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32956374
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008539
pii: PNTD-D-20-00392
pmc: PMC7529189
doi:

Substances chimiques

Chlorine Compounds 0
Disinfectants 0

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e0008539

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Références

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Auteurs

Engy Ali (E)

Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Luxembourg Operational Research Unit (LuxOR), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Guido Benedetti (G)

Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Luxembourg Operational Research Unit (LuxOR), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Rafael Van den Bergh (R)

Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Luxembourg Operational Research Unit (LuxOR), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Anna Halford (A)

Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Brussels, Monrovia, Liberia.

Luke Bawo (L)

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Monrovia, Liberia.

Moses Massaquoi (M)

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Monrovia, Liberia.

Saverio Bellizzi (S)

Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Brussels, Monrovia, Liberia.

Peter Maes (P)

Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Brussels, Belgium.

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Classifications MeSH