Development and Reorganization of Orientation Representation in the Cat Visual Cortex: Experience-Dependent Synaptic Rewiring in Early Life.
development
orientation maps
self-organization
sensitive period
visual experience
Journal
Frontiers in neuroinformatics
ISSN: 1662-5196
Titre abrégé: Front Neuroinform
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101477957
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
06
12
2019
accepted:
28
07
2020
entrez:
25
9
2020
pubmed:
26
9
2020
medline:
26
9
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
To date, numerous mathematical models have been proposed on the basis of some types of Hebbian synaptic learning to account for the activity-dependent development of orientation maps as well as neuronal orientation selectivity. These models successfully reproduced orientation map-like spatial patterns. Nevertheless, we still have questions: (1) How does synaptic rewiring occur in the visual cortex during the formation of orderly orientation maps in early life? (2) How does visual experience contribute to the maturation of orientation selectivity of visual cortical neurons and reorganize orientation maps? (3) How does the sensitive period for orientation plasticity end? In this study, we performed animal experiments and mathematical modeling to understand the mechanisms underlying synaptic rewiring for experience-dependent formation and reorganization of orientation maps. At first, we visualized orientation maps from the intrinsic signal optical imaging in area 17 of kittens reared under single-orientation exposure through cylindrical-lens-fitted goggles. The experiments revealed that the degree of expansion of cortical domains representing the experienced orientation depends on the age at which the single-orientation exposure starts. As a result, we obtained the sensitive period profile for orientation plasticity. Next, we refined our previously proposed mathematical model for the activity-dependent self-organization of thalamo-cortical inputs on the assumption that rewiring is caused by the competitive interactions among transient synaptic contacts on the same dendritic spine. Although various kinds of molecules have been reported to be involved in such interactions, we attempt to build a mathematical model to describe synaptic rewiring focusing on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its related molecules. Performing computer simulations based on the refined model, we successfully reproduced orientation maps reorganized in kittens reared under single-orientation exposure as well as normal visual experience. We also reproduced the experimentally obtained sensitive period profile for orientation plasticity. The excellent agreement between experimental observations and theoretical reproductions suggests that the BDNF-induced competitive interaction among synaptic contacts from different axons on the same spine is an important factor for the experience-dependent formation and reorganization of orientation selectivity and orientation maps.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32973480
doi: 10.3389/fninf.2020.00041
pmc: PMC7468406
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
41Commentaires et corrections
Type : ErratumIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Tanaka, Miyashita, Wakabayashi, O’Hashi, Tani and Ribot.
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