Impact of Prematurity and Severe Viral Bronchiolitis on Asthma Development at 6-9 Years.
asthma
bronchiolitis
prematurity
respiratory syncytial virus
rhinovirus
wheezing
Journal
Journal of asthma and allergy
ISSN: 1178-6965
Titre abrégé: J Asthma Allergy
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 101543450
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
24
04
2020
accepted:
10
08
2020
entrez:
28
9
2020
pubmed:
29
9
2020
medline:
29
9
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Premature birth is associated with increased susceptibility for viral infections and chronic airway morbidity. Preterm children, even moderate and late, may be at risk for short- and long-term respiratory morbidities. Our main goal was to compare the burden of two conditions, severe bronchiolitis and prematurity (early and moderate-late), on asthma development at 6-9 years. A retrospective cohort of all preterm (<37weeks gestational age) and full-term children hospitalized for bronchiolitis, with current age between 6 and 9 years, was created. A second cohort was made up of preterm children, without admission for bronchiolitis, randomly chosen from the hospital premature births database. Prevalence and risk factors for asthma were analysed. Parents completed the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Questionnaire for asthma symptoms for children 6-7 years. Lung function and aeroallergen sensitization were evaluated. Of the 480 selected children, 399 could be contacted and agreed to participate: 133 preterm and 114 full-term cases with admission for bronchiolitis and 146 preterm control children without admission for bronchiolitis. The frequency of current asthma at 6-9 years was higher in preterm cases (27%) compared with full-term-cases (15%) and preterm controls (14%) (p=0.04). Among hospitalized-bronchiolitis children, prematurity (p=0.04), rhinovirus infection (p=0.03), viral coinfection (p=0.04) and paternal asthma (p=0.003) were risk factors for asthma at 6-9 years. Among premature children, with and without bronchiolitis admission, the risk factors for asthma at 6-9 years were admission for bronchiolitis (p=0.03) and aeroallergen sensitisation (p=0.01). Moderate and late preterm children without admission for bronchiolitis showed similar prevalence of current asthma than full-term ones, previously admitted for bronchiolitis. Preterm birth is an important early life risk factor for asthma in childhood. The addition of other risk factors, such as severe bronchiolitis, especially by rhinovirus or viral coinfections, are associated with even higher risk for subsequent asthma.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Premature birth is associated with increased susceptibility for viral infections and chronic airway morbidity. Preterm children, even moderate and late, may be at risk for short- and long-term respiratory morbidities.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
Our main goal was to compare the burden of two conditions, severe bronchiolitis and prematurity (early and moderate-late), on asthma development at 6-9 years.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
METHODS
A retrospective cohort of all preterm (<37weeks gestational age) and full-term children hospitalized for bronchiolitis, with current age between 6 and 9 years, was created. A second cohort was made up of preterm children, without admission for bronchiolitis, randomly chosen from the hospital premature births database. Prevalence and risk factors for asthma were analysed. Parents completed the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Questionnaire for asthma symptoms for children 6-7 years. Lung function and aeroallergen sensitization were evaluated.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Of the 480 selected children, 399 could be contacted and agreed to participate: 133 preterm and 114 full-term cases with admission for bronchiolitis and 146 preterm control children without admission for bronchiolitis. The frequency of current asthma at 6-9 years was higher in preterm cases (27%) compared with full-term-cases (15%) and preterm controls (14%) (p=0.04). Among hospitalized-bronchiolitis children, prematurity (p=0.04), rhinovirus infection (p=0.03), viral coinfection (p=0.04) and paternal asthma (p=0.003) were risk factors for asthma at 6-9 years. Among premature children, with and without bronchiolitis admission, the risk factors for asthma at 6-9 years were admission for bronchiolitis (p=0.03) and aeroallergen sensitisation (p=0.01). Moderate and late preterm children without admission for bronchiolitis showed similar prevalence of current asthma than full-term ones, previously admitted for bronchiolitis.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Preterm birth is an important early life risk factor for asthma in childhood. The addition of other risk factors, such as severe bronchiolitis, especially by rhinovirus or viral coinfections, are associated with even higher risk for subsequent asthma.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32982322
doi: 10.2147/JAA.S258447
pii: 258447
pmc: PMC7509474
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
343-353Informations de copyright
© 2020 Garcia-Garcia et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work.
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