Importance of Dietary Changes During the Coronavirus Pandemic: How to Upgrade Your Immune Response.

COVID-19 balanced diet coronavirus immune system intermittent fasting macronutrients micronutrients probiotics

Journal

Frontiers in public health
ISSN: 2296-2565
Titre abrégé: Front Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101616579

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2020
Historique:
received: 12 05 2020
accepted: 27 07 2020
entrez: 28 9 2020
pubmed: 29 9 2020
medline: 29 9 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The new coronavirus pandemic continues to spread causing further public health, social, and economic issues. The disparities in the rates of death between countries poses questions about the importance of lifestyle habits and the immune status of populations. An exploration of dietary habits and COVID-19-related death might unravel associations between these two variables. Indeed, while both nutritional excess and deficiency are associated with immunodeficiency, adequate nutrition leading to an optimally functioning immune system may be associated with better outcomes with regards to preventing infection and complications of COVID-19, as well as developing a better immune response to other pathogenic viruses and microorganisms. This article outlines the key functions of the immune system and how macronutrients, micronutrients, and metabolites from the gut microbiome can be essential in the development of an efficient immune system. In addition, the effects of intermittent fasting on the inflammatory state as well as metabolic parameters will be discussed.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32984253
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00476
pmc: PMC7481450
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

476

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2020 Chaari, Bendriss, Zakaria and McVeigh.

Références

J Biol Inorg Chem. 2016 Apr;21(2):137-44
pubmed: 26790881
JAMA. 2020 Apr 7;323(13):1239-1242
pubmed: 32091533
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 3;101(31):11398-403
pubmed: 15272075
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 04;11(9):
pubmed: 31487871
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020 Jun;74(6):860-863
pubmed: 32433599
Nature. 2020 Mar;579(7798):270-273
pubmed: 32015507
Science. 2020 Mar 13;367(6483):1260-1263
pubmed: 32075877
BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 13;11 Suppl 3:S23
pubmed: 21501441
Front Immunol. 2019 Feb 28;10:332
pubmed: 30873178
Open Biol. 2019 Jul 26;9(7):190109
pubmed: 31337278
Nature. 2011 Apr 28;472(7344):481-5
pubmed: 21478870
Viruses. 2019 Oct 18;11(10):
pubmed: 31635238
Br J Nutr. 2007 Oct;98 Suppl 1:S29-35
pubmed: 17922955
Curr Opin Virol. 2011 Dec;1(6):519-25
pubmed: 22328912
Am J Clin Pathol. 2020 Mar 9;153(4):420-421
pubmed: 32053148
Lancet. 2020 Feb 22;395(10224):565-574
pubmed: 32007145
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020 Jun;26(6):767-772
pubmed: 32304745
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015 Apr;28(2):465-522
pubmed: 25810418
Curr Microbiol. 2005 Jan;50(1):24-7
pubmed: 15696260
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 15;109(20):7622-9
pubmed: 22538809
JAMA. 2004 Aug 18;292(7):828-36
pubmed: 15315997
Lancet. 2020 May 9;395(10235):1517-1520
pubmed: 32311318
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Sep;1812(9):1164-9
pubmed: 21616147
Nat Microbiol. 2019 May;4(5):734-747
pubmed: 30886356
Front Immunol. 2020 May 07;11:944
pubmed: 32574257
Med Hypotheses. 2020 Sep;142:109814
pubmed: 32388476
J Immunol. 2012 Mar 1;188(5):2127-35
pubmed: 22301548
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1994;64(3):212-9
pubmed: 7814237
J Immunol. 2013 Sep 1;191(5):2474-85
pubmed: 23904168
Cell. 2016 Oct 20;167(3):829-842.e13
pubmed: 27745970
Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Apr;8(4):420-422
pubmed: 32085846
Molecules. 2020 Apr 29;25(9):
pubmed: 32365556
Front Immunol. 2020 Jul 10;11:1712
pubmed: 32754164
Semin Immunol. 1998 Oct;10(5):383-90
pubmed: 9799713
Nutrients. 2017 Mar 29;9(4):
pubmed: 28353648
J Immunol. 2016 Nov 1;197(9):3464-3470
pubmed: 27655846
Cell Res. 2017 Jan;27(1):119-129
pubmed: 28008928
J Biol Chem. 2018 Oct 26;293(43):16572-16582
pubmed: 30181212
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Mar 15;179(6):474-83
pubmed: 19136374
Br J Nutr. 2007 Oct;98 Suppl 1:S24-8
pubmed: 17922954
Nat Med. 2020 Apr;26(4):453-455
pubmed: 32284614
Cell. 2012 Mar 16;148(6):1258-70
pubmed: 22424233
Emerg Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;26(7):
pubmed: 32364890
Curr Opin Virol. 2015 Dec;15:103-11
pubmed: 26385424
JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069
pubmed: 32031570
Blood. 1995 Aug 15;86(4):1564-9
pubmed: 7632965
Atherosclerosis. 2009 Feb;202(2):382-93
pubmed: 18599066
Ann Nutr Metab. 2007;51(1):88-95
pubmed: 17374948
J Hepatol. 2016 Jun;64(6):1403-15
pubmed: 26867490
J Clin Rheumatol. 2017 Sep;23(6):330-339
pubmed: 28816722
Front Immunol. 2019 Feb 14;10:245
pubmed: 30837994
Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 May 15;7:240
pubmed: 32574331
Annu Rev Nutr. 2018 Aug 21;38:431-458
pubmed: 29852086
Front Immunol. 2014 Nov 26;5:603
pubmed: 25505468
Nutrients. 2016 Oct 21;8(10):
pubmed: 27775647
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Jun 19;19(6):
pubmed: 29921749
Nutrients. 2019 Dec 05;11(12):
pubmed: 31817430
Br J Nutr. 2007 Aug;98(2):237-52
pubmed: 17403271
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2011 Apr;9(2):157-61
pubmed: 21235381
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jun;51(12):1434-1437
pubmed: 32311755
Nutrients. 2020 Jan 16;12(1):
pubmed: 31963293
Nutrition. 2020 Jun;74:110835
pubmed: 32280058
Redox Biol. 2015;4:272-8
pubmed: 25625581
Arch Virol. 2017 Apr;162(4):907-917
pubmed: 28039563
J Nutr. 2006 Jun;136(6 Suppl):1660S-1665S
pubmed: 16702336
Front Nutr. 2019 Apr 17;6:48
pubmed: 31058161
J Int Med Res. 2013 Apr;41(2):463-72
pubmed: 23569012
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):558-570
pubmed: 32172672
Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Jul 28;71(15):762-768
pubmed: 32161940
J Immunol. 2018 Apr 15;200(8):2563-2570
pubmed: 29531163
J Cell Physiol. 1985 Aug;124(2):275-82
pubmed: 4044655
J Biol Chem. 2010 Mar 19;285(12):8782-92
pubmed: 20097750
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018 Jan;24(1):24-28
pubmed: 28232162
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2020 Jun 01;11:52
pubmed: 32514341
Eur J Clin Invest. 2000 Mar;30(3):252-9
pubmed: 10692003
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015 Jun;99(12):4997-5024
pubmed: 25971198
Nutrients. 2016 Jan 27;8(2):68
pubmed: 26828517
Int J Food Microbiol. 2014 May 2;177:136-54
pubmed: 24642348
Atherosclerosis. 1995 May;115(1):89-98
pubmed: 7545398
Immunol Res. 2016 Dec;64(5-6):1101-1117
pubmed: 27699580
Immunol Rev. 2008 Dec;226:19-28
pubmed: 19161413
Sci Immunol. 2019 Nov 15;4(41):
pubmed: 31732517
Proc Nutr Soc. 2013 Aug;72(3):299-309
pubmed: 23688939
Nutrients. 2017 Sep 30;9(10):
pubmed: 28973995
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018 Jan;24(1):16-23
pubmed: 28143784
Eur Cardiol. 2019 Apr;14(1):50-59
pubmed: 31131037
Annu Rev Nutr. 2001;21:167-92
pubmed: 11375434
Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Nov;25(8):1725-34
pubmed: 21784145
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2012 Sep;334(1):1-15
pubmed: 22568660
Ann Intern Med. 2014 Mar 18;160(6):398-406
pubmed: 24723079
Clin Interv Aging. 2016 Oct 03;11:1379-1385
pubmed: 27757026
Ann Nutr Metab. 2008;53(3-4):175-81
pubmed: 19011280
Cell Metab. 2019 Sep 3;30(3):462-476.e6
pubmed: 31471173
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020 May;74(5):846-847
pubmed: 32253375
Crit Rev Immunol. 2012;32(1):23-63
pubmed: 22428854
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2011 Nov;5(6):418-25
pubmed: 21668672
J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2015 Mar;35(3):200-12
pubmed: 25343668
J Infect Dis. 2013 Feb 1;207(3):501-10
pubmed: 22949306
J Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 15;205(2):244-51
pubmed: 22147801
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2013 Jul;26 Suppl 1:97-104
pubmed: 23679071
Br J Nutr. 2010 Jan;103(1):58-68
pubmed: 19747410
Med Microbiol Immunol. 2017 Feb;206(1):1-9
pubmed: 27704207
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2004 Sep-Oct;28(5):348-54
pubmed: 15449576
Nutrients. 2019 Apr 26;11(5):
pubmed: 31035514
Circulation. 2020 Jul 7;142(1):68-78
pubmed: 32293910
BMJ. 2018 Jun 13;361:k2139
pubmed: 29898882
Acta Biochim Pol. 2019 Mar 4;66(1):1-12
pubmed: 30831575
Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Sep;8(9):685-98
pubmed: 19172691
Sci Rep. 2019 Jun 6;9(1):8320
pubmed: 31171803
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020 May 1;318(5):E736-E741
pubmed: 32228322
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2016 Oct 1;178:88-98
pubmed: 27496747
Autoimmun Rev. 2020 May;19(5):102524
pubmed: 32220633
Front Physiol. 2020 Sep 18;11:555039
pubmed: 33071815
Virus Res. 2020 Aug;285:198018
pubmed: 32430279
Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 Apr 23;7:146
pubmed: 32391367
Nat Rev Immunol. 2020 May;20(5):271-272
pubmed: 32296135
Ann Intensive Care. 2015 Dec;5(1):29
pubmed: 26429356
Nutrients. 2017 Nov 03;9(11):
pubmed: 29099763
J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1):189-94
pubmed: 16365081
Nutrients. 2017 Sep 15;9(9):
pubmed: 28914794
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Nov 24;95(24):14196-201
pubmed: 9826677
J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:539426
pubmed: 22570770
J Med Food. 2014 Dec;17(12):1261-72
pubmed: 25402818
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017 Sep 15;83(19):
pubmed: 28754705
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Aug 4;346(3):721-6
pubmed: 16782068
Autoimmun Rev. 2016 Apr;15(4):379-92
pubmed: 26774011
Nutrients. 2019 Aug 16;11(8):
pubmed: 31426423
Curr Opin Hematol. 2000 May;7(3):178-82
pubmed: 10786656
J Physiol Biochem. 2004 Jun;60(2):85-91
pubmed: 15457926
Eur J Pharmacol. 2016 Aug 15;785:77-86
pubmed: 27083549
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2006 Dec;7(6):531-4
pubmed: 17168669
J Nutr. 2007 May;137(5):1236-43
pubmed: 17449587
J Pathol. 2004 Jun;203(2):631-7
pubmed: 15141377
Microorganisms. 2019 Mar 02;7(3):
pubmed: 30832381
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 May;94:44-48
pubmed: 32171952
Clin Exp Immunol. 1999 Apr;116(1):28-32
pubmed: 10209501
Adv Nutr. 2016 May 16;7(3):488-97
pubmed: 27184276
Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 22;7(1):15999
pubmed: 29167527
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008 Nov;52(11):1273-80
pubmed: 18384097
Am J Emerg Med. 2020 Jul;38(7):1544.e1-1544.e3
pubmed: 32312574
Food Chem. 2017 Dec 15;237:364-371
pubmed: 28764008
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Apr;162:108142
pubmed: 32278764
Curr Health Sci J. 2017 Apr-Jun;43(2):103-111
pubmed: 30595864
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jan 05;20(1):
pubmed: 30621285
J Neurochem. 2012 Mar;120(6):1060-71
pubmed: 22248073
J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):16683-9
pubmed: 11278967
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2008 Oct;8(11):1106-33
pubmed: 18855727
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2017 Nov 5;455:4-12
pubmed: 28137612
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005 Jul;18(3):446-64
pubmed: 16020684
Int J Pept. 2012;2012:256294
pubmed: 22536270
Nat Rev Immunol. 2020 Jun;20(6):355-362
pubmed: 32376901
Immunol Rev. 2013 Sep;255(1):182-96
pubmed: 23947355
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020 May 1;318(5):E830-E833
pubmed: 32310688
Nature. 2005 Jul 7;436(7047):112-6
pubmed: 16001071
Immunol Rev. 2009 Jan;227(1):75-86
pubmed: 19120477
J Nutr. 2004 Jan;134(1):257S-261S
pubmed: 14704330
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Oct;86(4):1167-73
pubmed: 17921398
Semin Immunopathol. 2017 Jul;39(5):529-539
pubmed: 28466096
Virus Res. 2020 Jul 15;284:197989
pubmed: 32360300
J Clin Immunol. 2001 Jul;21(4):264-71
pubmed: 11506196
J Immunol. 2015 Apr 15;194(8):3909-16
pubmed: 25750432
Epidemiol Infect. 2006 Dec;134(6):1129-40
pubmed: 16959053
Front Immunol. 2018 Jul 16;9:1643
pubmed: 30061897
Curr Opin Immunol. 2006 Aug;18(4):391-8
pubmed: 16765573
Free Radic Biol Med. 2007 Mar 1;42(5):665-74
pubmed: 17291990
Nutr J. 2007 Dec 05;6:42
pubmed: 18053236
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Oct;60(10):1207-13
pubmed: 16670691
Curr Top Med Chem. 2016;16(11):1242-61
pubmed: 26369816
J Leukoc Biol. 2012 Oct;92(4):753-64
pubmed: 22782966
Front Immunol. 2017 Nov 27;8:1144
pubmed: 29230208
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Nov;96(5):1204S-6S
pubmed: 23053551
Br J Nutr. 2010 Oct;104(7):998-1006
pubmed: 20487575
Inflammation. 2012 Oct;35(5):1676-84
pubmed: 22669487
Biochem Soc Symp. 1987;54:145-62
pubmed: 3332991
IUBMB Life. 2010 Aug;62(8):611-7
pubmed: 20681025
Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Oct;43(10):1557-71
pubmed: 25852213
Nutrients. 2018 Oct 23;10(11):
pubmed: 30360490
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2018 Jan;62(1):
pubmed: 28980402
Front Immunol. 2018 Sep 11;9:2061
pubmed: 30254639
Front Immunol. 2019 Jan 08;9:3086
pubmed: 30671058
Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2018 Sep 12;14(Suppl 2):49
pubmed: 30263032
Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):997-1001
pubmed: 17038589
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Feb;125(2 Suppl 2):S73-80
pubmed: 20176269
Oncogene. 1997 Nov 6;15(19):2349-59
pubmed: 9393879
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2013 Dec;16(12):1217-22
pubmed: 24570826
Br J Nutr. 2016 Feb 14;115(3):466-79
pubmed: 26768850
Cell. 2013 Mar 28;153(1):112-25
pubmed: 23477864
Nutrition. 2009 Sep;25(9):977-9
pubmed: 19647627
Br J Nutr. 2011 Jan;105(1):123-32
pubmed: 20807458
Nutr Res. 2009 Apr;29(4):281-9
pubmed: 19410981
Ann Nutr Metab. 1997;41(2):98-107
pubmed: 9267584
Microbiol Immunol. 2010 Oct;54(10):578-83
pubmed: 21118295
Clin Nutr. 2020 Jun;39(6):1631-1638
pubmed: 32305181
Front Immunol. 2017 Nov 15;8:1573
pubmed: 29187856
Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:485-517
pubmed: 19132915
Infect Genet Evol. 2020 Aug;82:104285
pubmed: 32169673
Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506
pubmed: 31986264
Turk J Med Sci. 2020 Apr 17;50(SI-1):620-632
pubmed: 32299202
Front Immunol. 2018 Feb 28;9:196
pubmed: 29541070
N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 20;382(8):692-694
pubmed: 31978293
Crit Care. 2017 Dec 11;21(1):300
pubmed: 29228951
Int J Obes (Lond). 2020 Aug;44(8):1790-1792
pubmed: 32409680
Immunol Rev. 2012 Sep;249(1):135-57
pubmed: 22889220
Curr Opin Virol. 2016 Feb;16:31-40
pubmed: 26812607
Front Microbiol. 2018 Sep 19;9:2147
pubmed: 30283410
Virus Res. 2019 Nov;273:197767
pubmed: 31560964
Cell Mol Immunol. 2020 Aug;17(8):894
pubmed: 32651469
Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Apr;136(1):114-9
pubmed: 15030522
Nutr Res. 2012 Dec;32(12):947-55
pubmed: 23244540
Adv Nutr. 2019 Jul 1;10(4):696-710
pubmed: 31305906
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):6794-7
pubmed: 1495967
Nutr J. 2014 Jun 17;13:61
pubmed: 24939238
Eur J Immunol. 2014 Mar;44(3):728-41
pubmed: 24272050
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2020 Apr 30;19(1):1-4
pubmed: 32363167
Int J Food Microbiol. 2008 Dec 10;128(2):219-25
pubmed: 18809220
Front Microbiol. 2017 Jul 11;8:1287
pubmed: 28744273
Metabolism. 2020 Jul;108:154253
pubmed: 32360951
Diabet Med. 2020 Jul;37(7):1094-1102
pubmed: 32333691
J Clin Med. 2018 Sep 06;7(9):
pubmed: 30200565
Curr Opin Virol. 2011 Dec;1(6):463-75
pubmed: 22440910
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Oct;57(10):1193-7
pubmed: 14506478
Nat Med. 2005 Aug;11(8):875-9
pubmed: 16007097
Br J Nutr. 2007 Oct;98 Suppl 1:S41-5
pubmed: 17922958
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2020 Jan-Dec;14:1753466620937170
pubmed: 32600125
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jan;1822(1):21-33
pubmed: 21185371
Lipids Health Dis. 2016 Dec 13;15(1):217
pubmed: 27964715
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2020 Oct;47(10):1765-1767
pubmed: 32459003
Front Immunol. 2020 Feb 11;11:105
pubmed: 32117259
J Virol. 2018 Jan 30;92(4):
pubmed: 29212937
Nutr Hosp. 2011 Jan-Feb;26(1):228-35
pubmed: 21519752
J Med Virol. 1994 Jun;43(2):166-70
pubmed: 8083665
Aging Dis. 2020 May 9;11(3):668-678
pubmed: 32489711
Trends Microbiol. 2004 Sep;12(9):417-23
pubmed: 15337163
Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(6):1103-15
pubmed: 22083984
Lancet. 2005 Sep 17-23;366(9490):999-1004
pubmed: 16168782
Nutrients. 2020 May 27;12(6):
pubmed: 32471251
J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1 Suppl):288S-93S
pubmed: 16365100
J Nutr. 2005 Aug;135(8):1841-6
pubmed: 16046706
Cell. 2015 Mar 26;161(1):49-55
pubmed: 25815984
Nutrients. 2018 Aug 21;10(9):
pubmed: 30134568
Nat Immunol. 2016 Nov;17(11):1322-1333
pubmed: 27595233
PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e22323
pubmed: 21811588
Neuroimmunomodulation. 2014;21(6):322-30
pubmed: 24642726
Nutrients. 2020 Apr 02;12(4):
pubmed: 32252338
Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1033-1034
pubmed: 32192578
Front Immunol. 2017 Jun 30;8:761
pubmed: 28713381
Int J Biol Sci. 2020 Mar 15;16(10):1753-1766
pubmed: 32226295
Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):507-513
pubmed: 32007143
Front Immunol. 2017 Oct 30;8:1429
pubmed: 29163504
Nat Rev Immunol. 2011 Mar;11(3):158
pubmed: 21456116
Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017 Nov;14(Supplement_5):S339-S347
pubmed: 29161092
Biomed Res Int. 2018 Jul 05;2018:1837634
pubmed: 30069463
J Lipid Res. 2013 Sep;54(9):2366-78
pubmed: 23833248
Minerva Endocrinol. 2013 Sep;38(3):255-67
pubmed: 24126546
Brain Behav Immun. 2012 Aug;26(6):988-95
pubmed: 22640930
Open Cardiovasc Med J. 2013 Sep 20;7:90-8
pubmed: 24155799
Nat Immunol. 2008 May;9(5):503-10
pubmed: 18425107
J Med Virol. 2020 Apr;92(4):424-432
pubmed: 31981224
Clin Exp Allergy. 2013 Jul;43(7):775-84
pubmed: 23786284
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2019 Dec;20(4):415-425
pubmed: 31720986
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2020 Mar;38(1):1-9
pubmed: 32105090
Immunity. 2014 Jan 16;40(1):128-39
pubmed: 24412617
Genes Dev. 2016 Jul 15;30(14):1589-97
pubmed: 27474437
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2016 Sep 1;311(3):C386-91
pubmed: 27413170
Cell Tissue Res. 2018 Mar;371(3):551-565
pubmed: 29387942
Nutrients. 2020 Apr 23;12(4):
pubmed: 32340216
Circ Res. 2018 Dec 7;123(12):1339-1349
pubmed: 30566060
Arch Virol. 2020 May;165(5):1151-1161
pubmed: 32227307
Clin Immunol. 2020 Aug;217:108486
pubmed: 32479985
Annu Rev Pathol. 2012;7:35-60
pubmed: 21838548
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):837-44
pubmed: 17344507
Int J Clin Pract. 2020 Sep;74(9):e13535
pubmed: 32412158
Front Immunol. 2019 Jan 15;9:3160
pubmed: 30697214
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 May;65(5):1397-402
pubmed: 9129468
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 May 15;46(10):1582-8
pubmed: 18419494
Eur J Immunol. 2009 Mar;39(3):662-6
pubmed: 19283718
Nutrients. 2011 Oct;3(10):858-76
pubmed: 22254083
PLoS One. 2015 Oct 20;10(10):e0139817
pubmed: 26485706
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Mar 11;3:CD008524
pubmed: 28282701
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014 Aug;105(2):141-50
pubmed: 24798950
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020 Jun;26(6):729-734
pubmed: 32234451

Auteurs

Ali Chaari (A)

Premedical Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar.

Ghizlane Bendriss (G)

Premedical Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar.

Dalia Zakaria (D)

Premedical Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar.

Clare McVeigh (C)

Premedical Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH