Demonstrating the Reliability of bio-met for Determining Compliance with Environmental Quality Standards for Metals in Europe.
Animals
Biological Availability
Copper
/ pharmacokinetics
Environmental Monitoring
/ methods
Europe
Fresh Water
/ chemistry
Ligands
Metals
/ pharmacokinetics
Nickel
/ pharmacokinetics
Reference Standards
Reproducibility of Results
Toxicity Tests
Water Pollutants, Chemical
/ pharmacokinetics
Water Quality
/ standards
Bioavailability
Copper
Metals
Nickel
Zinc
environmental quality standards
Journal
Environmental toxicology and chemistry
ISSN: 1552-8618
Titre abrégé: Environ Toxicol Chem
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8308958
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2020
12 2020
Historique:
received:
08
11
2019
revised:
27
12
2019
accepted:
24
09
2020
pubmed:
1
10
2020
medline:
9
2
2021
entrez:
30
9
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The importance of considering the bioavailability of metals in understanding and assessing their toxicity in freshwaters has been recognized for many years. Currently, biotic ligand models (BLMs) are being applied for the derivation and implementation of environmental quality standards (EQS) for metals under the Water Framework Directive in Europe. bio-met is a simplified tool that was developed for implementing bioavailability-based EQS for metals in European freshwaters. We demonstrate the reliability of the relationship between the full BLM predictions and the thresholds (hazardous concentration affecting 5% of species [HC5] values) predicted by bio-met in 3 stages, for the metals copper, nickel, and zinc. First, ecotoxicity data for specific species from laboratory tests in natural waters are compared with predictions by the individual species BLMs included in the full BLMs. Second, the site-specific HC5 values predicted by bio-met for the natural waters used for ecotoxicity testing are compared with those provided by the full BLMs. The reliability of both relationships is demonstrated for all 3 metals, with more than 80% of individual species BLM predictions being within a factor of 3 of the experimental results, and 99% of bio-met local HC5 predictions being within a factor of 2 of the full BLM result. Third, using a larger set of European natural waters in addition demonstrates the reliability of bio-met over a broad range of water chemistry conditions. bio-met is therefore an appropriate tool for performing compliance assessments against EQS values in Europe, due to the demonstrated consistency with the toxicity test data. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2361-2377. © 2020 SETAC.
Substances chimiques
Ligands
0
Metals
0
Water Pollutants, Chemical
0
Copper
789U1901C5
Nickel
7OV03QG267
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2361-2377Informations de copyright
© 2020 SETAC.
Références
Aldenberg T, Jaworska JS. 2000. Uncertainty of the hazardous concentration and fraction affected for normal species sensitivity distributions. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 46:1-18.
Baird DJ, Barber I, Calow P. 1990. Clonal variation in general responses of Daphnia magna Straus to toxic stress. I. Chronic life-history effects. Funct Ecol 4:399-407.
Belanger S, Cherry D. 1990. Interacting effects of pH acclimation, pH, and heavy metals on acute and chronic toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia (Cladocera). J Crustac Biol 10:225-235.
Benoit D, Holcombe G. 1978. Toxic effects of zinc on fathead minnows Pimephales promelas in soft water. J Fish Biol 13:701-708.
Biesinger K, Christensen G. 1972. Effects of various metals on survival, growth, reproduction, and metabolism of Daphnia magna. J Fish Res Board Can 29:1691-700.
bio-met. 2019. bio-met Bioavailability Tool User Guide (Ver 5.0). [cited 2020 June 4]. Available from: www.bio-met.net.net
Brungs W, Geckler J, Gast M. 1976. Acute and chronic toxicity of copper to the fathead minnow in a surface water of variable quality. Water Res 10:37-43.
Campbell PG. 1995. Interactions between trace metals and aquatic organisms: A critique of the free-ion activity model. In Tessier A, Turner D, eds, Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA, pp 45-102.
Danish Environmental Protection Agency. 2008. Risk assessment: Nickel. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
De Schamphelaere K, Janssen C. 2002. Effects of dissolved organic carbon concentration and source, pH, and water hardness on chronic toxicity of copper to Daphnia magna. Environ Toxicol Chem 34:1115-1122.
De Schamphelaere K, Janssen C. 2004a. Development and field validation of a biotic ligand model predicting chronic copper toxicity to Daphnia magna. Environ Toxicol Chem 23:1365-1375.
De Schamphelaere KAC, Janssen CR. 2004b. Modelling copper bioavailability and toxicity in freshwater: Uncertainty reduction for risk assessment (Chronic fish-BLM). Report to the European Copper Institute, included in the Copper Voluntary Risk Assessment as Appendix U. [cited 2020 October 19]. Available from: https://echa.europa.eu/copper-voluntary-risk-assessment-reports
De Schamphelaere KAC, Janssen CR. 2004c. Bioavailability and chronic toxicity of zinc to juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): comparison with other fish species and development of a biotic ligand model. Environ Sci Technol 38:6201-6209.
De Schamphelaere K, Janssen C. 2010. Cross-phylum extrapolation of the Daphnia magna chronic biotic ligand model for zinc to the snail Lymnaea stagnalis and the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. Sci Total Environ 408:5414-5422.
De Schamphelaere K, Lofts S, Janssen C. 2005. Bioavailability models for predicting acute and chronic toxicity of zinc to algae, daphnids, and fish in natural surface waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 24:1190-1197.
De Schamphelaere K, Vasconcelos F, Heijerick D, Tack F, Delbeke K, Allen H, Janssen C. 2003. Development and field validation of a predictive copper toxicity model for the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Environ Toxicol Chem 22:2454-2465.
De Schamphelaere KAC, Van Laer L, Deleebeeck NME, Muyssen BTA, Degryse F, Smolders E. 2006. Nickel speciation and ecotoxicity in European natural surface waters: Development, refinement and validation of bioavailability models. Report prepared for the Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association (NiPERA), Durham, NC, USA. Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Gent University, Gent, Belgium.
Deleebeeck N, De Schamphelaere K, Janssen C. 2007. A bioavailability model predicting the toxicity of nickel to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) in synthetic and natural waters. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 67:1-13.
Deleebeeck N, De Schamphelaere K, Janssen C. 2008. A novel method for predicting chronic nickel bioavailability and toxicity to Daphnia magna in artificial and natural waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 27:2097-107.
Deleebeeck N, De Schamphelaere K, Janssen C. 2009. Effects of Mg2+ and H+ on the toxicity of Ni2+ to the unicellular green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Model development and validation with surface waters. Sci Total Environ 407:1901-1914.
Di Toro D, Allen H, Bergman H, Meyer J, Paquin P, Santore R. 2001. Biotic ligand model of the acute toxicity of metals. 1. Technical basis. Environ Toxicol Chem 20:2383-2396.
Dorgelo J, Meester H, Velzen C. 1995. Effects of diet and heavy metals on growth rate and fertility in the deposit-feeding snail Potamopyrgus jenkinsi (Smith) (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Hydrobiologia 316:199-210.
European Commission. 2013. Directive 2013/39/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy. Official J Eur Union L 226:1-17.
European Commission. 2018. Technical guidance document on deriving environmental quality standards. Updated version 2018. Brussels, Belgium. [cited 2020 October 19]. Available from: https://circabc.europa.eu/ui/group/9ab5926d-bed4-4322-9aa7-9964bbe8312d/library/ba6810cd-e611-4f72-9902-f0d8867a2a6b/details
European Copper Institute. 2008. Voluntary risk assessment report-Copper and copper compounds, section 3.2.2.2.6. Brussels, Belgium. [cited 2020 October 19]. Available from: https://echa.europa.eu/copper-voluntary-risk-assessment-reports
Garman E, Meyer J, Bergeron C, Blewett T, Clements W, Elias M, Farley K, Gissi F, Ryan A. 2020. Validation of bioavailability-based toxicity models for metals. Environ Toxicol Chem 39:101-117.
Heijerick D, Bossuyt B, De Schamphelaere K, Indeherberg M, Mingazzini M, Janssen C. 2005. Effect of varying physicochemistry of European surface waters on the copper toxicity to the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Ecotoxicology 14:661-670.
Heijerick D, De Schamphelaere K, Janssen C. 2002. Predicting acute zinc toxicity for Daphnia magna as a function of key water chemistry characteristics: Development and validation of a Biotic Ligand Model. Environ Toxicol Chem 21:1309-1315.
Holcombe G, Benoit D, Leonard E. 1979. Long-term effects of zinc exposures on brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Trans Am Fish Soc 108:76-87.
Jacobson PJ, Neves RJ, Cherry DS, Farris JL. 1997. Sensitivity of glochidial stages of freshwater mussels (Bivalavia Unionidae) to copper. Environ Toxicol Chem 16:2384-2392.
Joint Research Centre. 2010. European Union risk assessment report zinc metal. RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands, on behalf of the European Union. Ispra, Italy. [cited 2020 September 8]. Available from: https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/d7248de0-eb5b-4a9b-83b9-042c4fd66998
Jop K, Askew A, Foser R. 1995. Development of a water-effect ratio for copper, cadmium, and lead for the Great Works River in Maine using Ceriodaphnia dubia and Salvelinus fontinalis. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 54:29-35.
Kallqvist T, Rosseland B, Hytterod S, Kristiansen T. 2003. Effects of zinc on the early life stages of brown trout (Salmo trutta) at different levels of water hardness. Report No. 468-2003. Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway.
Klimisch HJ, Andreae M, Tillmann U. 1997. A systematic approach for evaluating the quality of experimental toxicological and ecotoxicological data. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 25:1-5.
Kraak M, Lavy D, Peeters W, Davids C. 1992. Chronic ecotoxicity of copper and cadmium to the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 23:363-369.
Kraak M, Wink Y, Stuijfzand S, Buckert de Jong M, de Groot C, Admiral W. 1994. Chronic ecotoxicity of Zn and Pb to the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. Aquat Toxicol 30:77-89.
Masters J, Lewis M, Davidson D, Bruce R. 1991. Validation of a four-day Ceriodaphnia toxicity test and statistical considerations in data analysis. Environ Toxicol Chem 10:47-55.
McKim J, Benoit D. 1971. Effects of long-term exposures to copper on survival, growth, and reproduction of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). J Fish Res Board Can 28:655-662.
McKim J, Eaton J, Holcombe G. 1978. Metal toxicity to embryos and larvae of eight species of freshwater fish-II: Copper. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 19:608-616.
Mebane CA, Chowdhury J, De Schamphelaere K, Lofts S, Paquin P, Santore R, Wood C. 2019. Metal bioavailability models: Current status, lessons learned, considerations for regulatory use, and the path forward. Environ Toxicol Chem 39:60-84.
Mebane CA, Hennessy DP, Dillon FS. 2008. Developing acute-to-chronic toxicity ratios for lead, cadmium, and zinc using rainbow trout, a mayfly, and a midge. Water Air Soil Pollut 188:41-66.
Merrington G, Peters A, Schlekat CE. 2016. Accounting for metal bioavailability in assessing water quality: A step change? Environ Toxicol Chem 35:257-265.
Meyer J, Traudt E, Ranville J. 2018. Is the factor-of-2 rule broadly applicable for evaluating the prediction accuracy of metal-toxicity models? Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 100:64-68.
Morel F. 1983. Principles of Aquatic Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA.
Mudge J, Jeane G, Davis W, Hickam J. 1993. Effect of varying environmental conditions on the toxicity of copper to salmon. In Gorsuch J, Dwyer F, Ingersoll C, Point T, eds, Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Vol 2. ASTM STP 1216. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp 19-33.
Munzinger A, Monicelli F. 1991. A comparison of the sensitivity of three Daphnia magna populations under chronic heavy metal stress. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 22:24-31.
Muyssen B, Bossuyt B, Janssen C. 2003. Ecotoxicity of zinc to algae and daphnids tested in natural soft surface waters. Final report. Sponsor: International Lead and Zinc Research Organization (ILZRO), Durham, NC, USA. Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Nys C, Janssen C, De Schamphelaere KAC. 2017a. The effect of pH on chronic zinc toxicity differs between daphnid species: Development of a preliminary chronic zinc Ceriodaphnia dubia bioavailability model. Environ Toxicol Chem 36:2750-2755.
Nys C, Janssen C, Van Sprang P, De Schamphelaere K. 2016. The effect of pH on chronic aquatic nickel toxicity is dependent on the pH itself: Extending the chronic nickel bioavailability models. Environ Toxicol Chem 35:1097-1106.
Nys C, Janssen CR, De Schamphelaere KAC. 2017b. Development and validation of a metal mixture bioavailability model (MMBM) to predict chronic toxicity of Ni-Zn-Pb mixtures to Ceriodaphnia dubia. Environ Pollut 220:1271-1281.
Nys C, Van Regenmortel T, Janssen CR, Blust R, Smolders E, De Schamphelaere KAC. 2017c. Comparison of chronic mixture toxicity of nickel-zinc-copper and nickel-zinc-copper-cadmium mixtures between Ceriodaphnia dubia and Pseudokirchnerialla subcapitata. Environ Toxicol Chem 36:1056-1066.
Pagenkopf G. 1983. Gill surface interaction model for trace-metal toxicity to fishes: Role of complexation, pH, and water hardness. Environ Sci Technol 17:342-347.
Parkhurst BR, Forte JL, Wright GP. 1981. Reproducibility of a life-cycle toxicity test with Daphnia magna. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 26:1-8.
Peters A, Lofts S, Merrington G, Brown B, Stubblefield W, Harlow K. 2011a. Development of biotic ligand models for chronic manganese toxicity to fish, invertebrates, and algae. Environ Toxicol Chem 30:2407-2415.
Peters A, Merrington G, De Schamphelaere K, Delbeke K. 2011b. Regulatory consideration of bioavailability for metals: Simplification of input parameters for the chronic copper biotic ligand model. Integr Environ Assess 7:437-444.
Peters A, Merrington G, Schlekat C, De Schamphelaere K, Stauber J, Batley G, Harford A, van Dam R, Pease C, Mooney T, Warne M, Hickey C, Glazebrook P, Chapman J, Smith R, Krassoi R. 2018. Validation of the nickel biotic ligand model for locally relevant species in Australian freshwaters. Environ Toxicol Chem 37:2566-2574.
Rudel H, Muniz C, Garelick H, Kandile N, Miller B, Munoz L, Peijnenburg W, Purchase D, Shevah Y, Van Sprang P, Vijver M, Vink J. 2015. Consideration of the bioavailability of metal/metalloid species in freshwaters: Experiences regarding the implementation of biotic ligand model-based approaches in risk assessment frameworks. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:7405-7421.
Salminen R, Batista J, Bidovec M, Demetriades A, De Vivo B, De Vos W, Duris M, Gilucis A, Gregorauskiene V, Halamic J, Heitzmann P, Lima A, Jordan G, Klaver G, Klein P, Lis J, Locutura J, Marsina K, Mazreku A, O'Connor PJ, Olsson SÅ, Ottesen R-T, Petersell V, Plant JA, Reeder S, Salpeteur I, Sandstrom H, Siewers U, Steenfelt A, Tarvainen T. 2005. Part 1: Background information, methodology and maps. In Salminen R, ed, Geochemical Atlas of Europe. EruoGeoSurveys, Espoo, Finland.
Schlekat C, van Genderen E, De Schamphelaere K, Antunes P, Rogevich E, Stubblefield W. 2010. Cross-species extrapolation of chronic nickel Biotic Ligand Models. Sci Total Environ 408:6148-6157.
Spehar R. 1976. Cadmium and zinc toxicity to flagfish, Jordanella floridae. J Fish Res Board Can 33:1939-1945.
Spehar R, Fiandt J. 1986. Acute and chronic effects of water quality criteria based metal mixtures on three aquatic species. Environ Toxicol Chem 5:917-931.
Tipping E. 1994. WHAM-A computer equilibrium model and computer code for waters, sediments, and soils incorporating a discrete site/electrostatic model of ion-binding by humic substances. Comput Geosci 20:973-1023.
UK Technical Advisory Group. 2014. River and lake assessment method. Specific pollutants (metals). Metal Bioavailability Assessment Tool (M-BAT). Water Framework Directive, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
Van der Geest HG, De Haas EM, Boivin ME, Admiraal W. 2001. Effects of zinc on larvae of the mayfly Ephoron virgo. Report, University of Amsterdam.
Van Leeuwen C, Buchner J, Van Dijk H. 1988. Intermittent flow system for population toxicity studies demonstrated with Daphnia and copper. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 40:496-502.
Van Regenmortel T, Berteloot O, Janssen C, De Schamphelaere K. 2017a. Analyzing the capacity of the Daphnia magna and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata bioavailability models to predict chronic zinc toxicity at high pH and low calcium concentrations and formulation of a generalized bioavailability model for D. magna. Environ Toxicol Chem 36:2781-2798.
Van Regenmortel T, De Schamphelaere KAC. 2018. Mixtures of Cu, Ni, and Zn act mostly noninteractively on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata growth in natural waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 37:587-598.
Van Regenmortel T, Nys C, Janssen CR, Lofts S, De Schamphelaere KAC. 2017b. Comparison of four methods for bioavailability-based risk assessment of mixtures of Cu, Zn, and Ni in freshwater. Environ Toxicol Chem 36:2123-2138.
Van Sprang P, Verdonck F, Van Assche F, Regoli L, De Schamphelaere K. 2009. Environmental risk assessment of zinc in European freshwaters: A critical appraisal. Sci Total Environ 407:5373-5391.
Verschoor A, Vijver M, Vink J. 2017. Refinement and cross-validation of nickel bioavailability in pnec-pro, a regulatory tool for site-specific risk assessment of metals in surface water. Environ Toxicol Chem 36:2367-2376.
Verschoor A, Vink J, Vijver M. 2012. Simplification of Biotic Ligand Models of Cu, Ni, and Zn by 1-, 2-, and 3-parameter transfer functions. Integr Environ Assess 8:738-748.
Windward Environmental. 2020. Biotic ligand model. Seattle, WA, USA. [cited 2020 September 8]. Available from: https://www.windwardenv.com/biotic-ligand-model/