Infections and diabetes: Risks and mitigation with reference to India.
Adaptive Immunity
/ immunology
Blood Glucose
/ metabolism
COVID-19
/ epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus
/ epidemiology
Glycemic Control
Humans
Immunity, Innate
/ immunology
India
/ epidemiology
Infections
/ epidemiology
Reproductive Tract Infections
/ epidemiology
Respiratory Tract Infections
/ epidemiology
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2
Severity of Illness Index
Skin Diseases, Bacterial
/ epidemiology
Soft Tissue Infections
/ epidemiology
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
/ epidemiology
Urinary Tract Infections
/ epidemiology
COVID-19
Diabetes
Hyperglycemia
Infection
Tuberculosis
Vaccination
Journal
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome
ISSN: 1878-0334
Titre abrégé: Diabetes Metab Syndr
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101462250
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
received:
16
09
2020
revised:
18
09
2020
accepted:
19
09
2020
pubmed:
2
10
2020
medline:
9
1
2021
entrez:
1
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The link between diabetes and increased risk of infectious disease has long been recognized, but has re-entered sharp focus following the COVID-19 pandemic. A literature search was conducted in PubMed for articles in English on diabetes and infection. Diabetes predisposes to infections through alterations in innate and acquired immune defenses. Outcomes of infection are worse in people with uncontrolled diabetes, and infection can worsen hyperglycemia in hitherto well controlled diabetes (bidirectional relationship). Diabetes does not increase the risk of infection with COVID-19 per se, but predisposes to severe disease and poor outcomes. COVID-19 has also been linked to deterioration of glycemic control as well as new-onset diabetes. Clinicians caring for people with diabetes should be aware of the increased risk of infections in this population, as well as the possibility of worsening hyperglycemia. A holistic approach with frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels and appropriate titration of medications, along with close attention to nutritional status, is essential to ensure the best possible outcomes.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
OBJECTIVE
The link between diabetes and increased risk of infectious disease has long been recognized, but has re-entered sharp focus following the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
METHODS
A literature search was conducted in PubMed for articles in English on diabetes and infection.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Diabetes predisposes to infections through alterations in innate and acquired immune defenses. Outcomes of infection are worse in people with uncontrolled diabetes, and infection can worsen hyperglycemia in hitherto well controlled diabetes (bidirectional relationship). Diabetes does not increase the risk of infection with COVID-19 per se, but predisposes to severe disease and poor outcomes. COVID-19 has also been linked to deterioration of glycemic control as well as new-onset diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Clinicians caring for people with diabetes should be aware of the increased risk of infections in this population, as well as the possibility of worsening hyperglycemia. A holistic approach with frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels and appropriate titration of medications, along with close attention to nutritional status, is essential to ensure the best possible outcomes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33002780
pii: S1871-4021(20)30374-X
doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.09.022
pmc: PMC7505871
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Blood Glucose
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1889-1894Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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