The Structure, Function, and Physiology of the Fetal and Adult Acetylcholine Receptor in Muscle.
adult acetylcholine receptor
fetal acetylcholine receptor
ion channel
muscle development
myasthenia
neuromuscular junction
Journal
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-5099
Titre abrégé: Front Mol Neurosci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101477914
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
07
07
2020
accepted:
13
08
2020
entrez:
5
10
2020
pubmed:
6
10
2020
medline:
6
10
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a highly developed synapse linking motor neuron activity with muscle contraction. A complex of molecular cascades together with the specialized NMJ architecture ensures that each action potential arriving at the motor nerve terminal is translated into an action potential in the muscle fiber. The muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is a key molecular component located at the postsynaptic muscle membrane responsible for the generation of the endplate potential (EPP), which usually exceeds the threshold potential necessary to activate voltage-gated sodium channels and triggers a muscle action potential. Two AChR isoforms are found in mammalian muscle. The fetal isoform is present in prenatal stages and is involved in the development of the neuromuscular system whereas the adult isoform prevails thereafter, except after denervation when the fetal form is re-expressed throughout the muscle. This review will summarize the structural and functional differences between the two isoforms and outline congenital and autoimmune myasthenic syndromes that involve the isoform specific AChR subunits.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33013323
doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.581097
pmc: PMC7506097
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
581097Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/M006824/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Cetin, Beeson, Vincent and Webster.
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