Trauma in the third decade: Ruminative coping, social relationships and posttraumatic stress symptoms.
Loneliness
Posttraumatic stress
Ruminative coping style
Social support
Trauma
Journal
Journal of affective disorders
ISSN: 1573-2517
Titre abrégé: J Affect Disord
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7906073
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 01 2021
01 01 2021
Historique:
received:
02
03
2020
revised:
25
08
2020
accepted:
24
09
2020
pubmed:
10
10
2020
medline:
20
4
2021
entrez:
9
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Previous research suggest that rumination and poor social relationships contribute to the maintenance of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) after traumatic events. Less is known about how these factors work together. The aim of this study was to assess the association between ruminative coping style and long-term PTSS, and to determine whether perceived social support and loneliness can attenuate or potentiate this association, respectively. This study used cross-sectional data from survivors and bereaved (n = 185) collected 26 years after the 1990 fire on the Scandinavian Star ferry. Ruminative coping style, perceived social support, and loneliness were all uniquely associated with PTSS. Social support, but not loneliness, moderated the association between ruminative coping style and PTSS. The 26-year interval between the traumatic event and the data collection mean that we cannot infer how a ruminative coping style, perceived social support, and loneliness could affect PTSS in the early aftermath of disaster. The results suggest that perceived social support and loneliness play different roles in long-term maintenance of PTSS. Whereas loneliness seem to have a direct association with PTSS, high social support may also protect against the negative effects of a ruminative coping style on PTSS. Social relationships may play a crucial role in recovery from trauma, particularly in individuals with a ruminative coping style.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Previous research suggest that rumination and poor social relationships contribute to the maintenance of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) after traumatic events. Less is known about how these factors work together. The aim of this study was to assess the association between ruminative coping style and long-term PTSS, and to determine whether perceived social support and loneliness can attenuate or potentiate this association, respectively.
METHODS
This study used cross-sectional data from survivors and bereaved (n = 185) collected 26 years after the 1990 fire on the Scandinavian Star ferry.
RESULTS
Ruminative coping style, perceived social support, and loneliness were all uniquely associated with PTSS. Social support, but not loneliness, moderated the association between ruminative coping style and PTSS.
LIMITATIONS
The 26-year interval between the traumatic event and the data collection mean that we cannot infer how a ruminative coping style, perceived social support, and loneliness could affect PTSS in the early aftermath of disaster.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that perceived social support and loneliness play different roles in long-term maintenance of PTSS. Whereas loneliness seem to have a direct association with PTSS, high social support may also protect against the negative effects of a ruminative coping style on PTSS. Social relationships may play a crucial role in recovery from trauma, particularly in individuals with a ruminative coping style.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33035947
pii: S0165-0327(20)32791-9
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.095
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
601-606Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.