Crosstalk between long non-coding RNA DLX6-AS1, microRNAs and signaling pathways: A pivotal molecular mechanism in human cancers.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of non-protein coding RNA, which have been found to play multiple roles in various molecular and cellular processes by epigenetic regulation of gene expression at post transcriptional levels. LncRNAs may act either as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor gene in different cancers. Aberrant expression and dysregulation of lncRNAs has been correlated with cancer development and tumor growth via several different signaling pathways. Therefore, lncRNAs could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and as therapeutic targetes in many human cancers. Previous studies have reported that dysregulated expression of the lncRNA called DLX6-AS1 in various cancer types, such as lung, colorectal, bladder, ovarian, hepatocellular, pancreatic and gastric. DLX6-AS1 plays an important role in tumorigenesis by affecting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and apoptosis. DLX6-AS1 exerts these regulatory effects by interfering with various microRNA axes and signaling pathways including, Wnt/βcatenin, Notch, P13/AKT/mTOR, and STAT3. This review focuses on the possible mechanisms by which DLX6-AS1 regulates tumor initiation and progression. Accordingly, DLX6-AS1 may act as a novel potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis or therapy in future.

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