Apo-Opsin and Its Dark Constitutive Activity across Retinal Cone Subtypes.
cone photodetection threshold
cone phototransduction
constitutive apo-opsin activity
dark noise
truncated-cone recording
Journal
Current biology : CB
ISSN: 1879-0445
Titre abrégé: Curr Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9107782
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
21 12 2020
21 12 2020
Historique:
received:
02
05
2020
revised:
08
08
2020
accepted:
18
09
2020
pubmed:
17
10
2020
medline:
31
8
2021
entrez:
16
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Retinal rod and cone photoreceptors mediate vision in dim and bright light, respectively, by transducing absorbed photons into neural electrical signals. Their phototransduction mechanisms are essentially identical. However, one difference is that, whereas a rod visual pigment remains stable in darkness, a cone pigment has some tendency to dissociate spontaneously into apo-opsin and retinal (the chromophore) without isomerization. This cone-pigment property is long known but has mostly been overlooked. Importantly, because apo-opsin has weak constitutive activity, it triggers transduction to produce electrical noise even in darkness. Currently, the precise dark apo-opsin contents across cone subtypes are mostly unknown, as are their dark activities. We report here a study of goldfish red (L), green (M), and blue (S) cones, finding with microspectrophotometry widely different apo-opsin percentages in darkness, being ∼30% in L cones, ∼3% in M cones, and negligible in S cones. L and M cones also had higher dark apo-opsin noise than holo-pigment thermal isomerization activity. As such, given the most likely low signal amplification at the pigment-to-transducin/phosphodiesterase phototransduction step, especially in L cones, apo-opsin noise may not be easily distinguishable from light responses and thus may affect cone vision near threshold.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33065015
pii: S0960-9822(20)31432-9
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.062
pmc: PMC8561704
mid: NIHMS1638963
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Opsins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
4921-4931.e5Subventions
Organisme : NEI NIH HHS
ID : R01 EY001157
Pays : United States
Organisme : NEI NIH HHS
ID : R01 EY006837
Pays : United States
Organisme : NEI NIH HHS
ID : T32 EY007143
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests.
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