The sense of smell is not strongly affected by ambient temperature and humidity: a prospective study in a controlled environment.
Climate chamber
Humidity
Olfaction
Smell
Temperature
Journal
European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
ISSN: 1434-4726
Titre abrégé: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9002937
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
May 2021
May 2021
Historique:
received:
19
06
2020
accepted:
12
10
2020
pubmed:
24
10
2020
medline:
24
4
2021
entrez:
23
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The sense of smell is dependent on environmental conditions. In this study, we analysed the effect of temperature and humidity on the ability to smell. Using the controlled setting of a hypobaric climate chamber 50 healthy participants (40 men, 10 women; mean age of 33 years) completed repeated testing in 4 different settings-cold/dry, cold/humid, warm/dry, warm/humid. The temperatures were 20-35 °C, respectively, and the humidity was set at 30-75%. Testing was performed using the "Sniffin' Sticks" test battery (odour threshold, discrimination and identification) in a semi-randomised order and in controlled atmospheric pressure conditions. The analysis showed that neither temperature nor humidity had a significant effect on olfactory test results. This indicates that olfactory functions in healthy, young subjects with an excellent sense of smell are not strongly affected by temporary changes in environmental conditions.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33094385
doi: 10.1007/s00405-020-06436-3
pii: 10.1007/s00405-020-06436-3
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1465-1469Références
Stevenson RJ (2010) An initial evaluation of the functions of human olfaction. Chem Senses 35:3–20
doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjp083
Taylor A, Beauchamp J, Brioand L, Pesce VC, Heer M, Hummel T, McGane S, Margot C, Pieters S, Pittia P, Spence C (2019) A taste for space. Food Sci Technol 35(4):36–41
Altundağ A, Salihoglu M, Çayönü M, Cingi C, Tekeli H, Hummel T (2014) The effect of high altitude on olfactory functions. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 271(3):615–618
doi: 10.1007/s00405-013-2823-3
Kuehn M, Welsch H, Zahnert T, Hummel T (2008) Changes of pressure and humidity affect olfactory function. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 265(3):299–302
doi: 10.1007/s00405-007-0446-2
Kühn M, Welsch H, Zahnert T, Hummel T (2009) Is olfactory function impaired in moderate height? Laryngorhinootologie 88(9):583–586
doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1202368
Rahne T, Köppke R, Nehring M, Plontke SK, Fischer HG (2018) Does ambient noise or hypobaric atmosphere influence olfactory and gustatory function? PLoS ONE 13:1
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190837
Seo HS, Buschhuter D, Hummel T (2008) Contextual influences on the relationship between familiarity and hedonicity of odors. J Food Sci 73:S273-278
doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00818.x
Oleszkiewicz A, Rambacher L, Whitcroft KL, Hummel T (2018) The confounding effect of background odors on olfactory sensitivity testing. J Neurosci Methods 306:88–91
doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.05.012
Walliczek-Dworschak U, Pellegrino R, Lee S, Hummel C, Hahner A, Hummel T (2016) Olfactory performance can be influenced by the presentation order, background noise, and positive concurrent feedback. Chem Senses 41:697–701
doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjw079
Philpott C, Goodenough P, Passant C, Robertson A, Murty G (2004) The effect of temperature, humidity and peak inspiratory nasal flow on olfactory thresholds. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 29(1):24–31
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00760.x
Tassoni G (1969) On temperature dependence of olfactory sensitivity to isobutyric acid in congenital hyposmia. Valsalva 45(1):19–24
pubmed: 5400441
Hummel T, Sekinger B, Wolf SR, Pauli E, Kobal G (1997) “Sniffin” sticks’: olfactory performance assessed by the combined testing of odor identification, odor discrimination and olfactory threshold. Chem Senses 22(1):39–52
doi: 10.1093/chemse/22.1.39
Oleszkiewicz A, Schriever VA, Croy I, Hähner A, Hummel T (2019) Updated Sniffin’ sticks normative data based on an extended sample of 9139 subjects. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276:719–728
doi: 10.1007/s00405-018-5248-1
Lötsch J, Lange C, Hummel T (2004) A simple and reliable method for clinical assessment of odor thresholds. Chem Senses 29(4):311–317
doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjh034
Hummel T, Kobal G, Gudziol H, Mackay-Sim A (2007) Normative data for the “Sniffin’’ sticks" including tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds: an upgrade based on a group of more than 3000 subjects.” Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 264(3):237–243
doi: 10.1007/s00405-006-0173-0
Philpott CM, Wolstenholme CR, Goodenough PC, Clark A, Murty GE (2007) Which variables matter in smell tests in the clinic? J Laryngol Otol 121(10):952–956
doi: 10.1017/S0022215107006408
Stone H (1963) Influence of temperature on olfactory sensitivity. J Appl Physiol 18:746–751
doi: 10.1152/jappl.1963.18.4.746
Russek M, Fantino M, Cabanac M (1979) Effect of environmental temperature on pleasure ratings of odors and tastes. Physiol Behav 22(2):251–256
doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(79)90084-2
Singh H, Petersen LA, Thomas EJ (2006) Understanding diagnostic errors in medicine: a lesson from aviation. Qual Saf Health Care 15(3):159–164
doi: 10.1136/qshc.2005.016444
Doty RL, Shaman P, Applebaum SL, Giberson R, Sikorski L, Rosenberg L (1984) Smell identification ability: changes with age. Science 226:1441–1443
doi: 10.1126/science.6505700