Hyperhomocysteinemia: Clinical Insights.
Homocysteine
cobalamin
folate
homocystinurea
methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
vitamin B-12
Journal
Journal of central nervous system disease
ISSN: 1179-5735
Titre abrégé: J Cent Nerv Syst Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101595026
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
23
06
2020
accepted:
06
09
2020
entrez:
26
10
2020
pubmed:
27
10
2020
medline:
27
10
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid, and intermediate metabolite formed in metabolising methionine (Met) to cysteine (Cys); defective Met metabolism can increase Hcy. The effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on human health, is well described and associated with multiple clinical conditions. HHcy is considered to be an independent risk factor for common cardiovascular and central nervous disorders, where its role in folate metabolism and choline catabolism is fundamental in many metabolic pathways. HHcy induces inflammatory responses via increasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines and downregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines which lead to Hcy-induced cell apoptosis. Conflicting evidence indicates that the development of the homocysteine-associated cerebrovascular disease may be prevented by the maintenance of normal Hcy levels. In this review, we discuss common conditions associated with HHcy and biochemical diagnostic workup that may help in reaching diagnosis at early stages. Furthermore, future systematic studies need to prove the exact pathophysiological mechanism of HHcy at the cellular level and the effect of Hcy lowering agents on disease courses.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33100834
doi: 10.1177/1179573520962230
pii: 10.1177_1179573520962230
pmc: PMC7549175
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1179573520962230Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2020.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of conflicting interests:The author declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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