Convergence in sympatry: Evolution of blue-banded wing pattern in Morpho butterflies.
Lepidoptera
escape mimicry
evolutionary convergence
phenotypic distance
wing colour pattern
Journal
Journal of evolutionary biology
ISSN: 1420-9101
Titre abrégé: J Evol Biol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 8809954
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2021
02 2021
Historique:
received:
07
04
2020
revised:
07
10
2020
accepted:
13
10
2020
pubmed:
30
10
2020
medline:
31
8
2021
entrez:
29
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Species interactions such as mimicry can promote trait convergence but disentangling this effect from those of shared ecology, evolutionary history, and niche conservatism is often challenging. Here by focusing on wing colour pattern variation within and between three butterfly species living in sympatry in a large proportion of their range, we tested the effect of species interactions on trait diversification. These butterflies display a conspicuous iridescent blue coloration on the dorsal side of their wings and a cryptic brownish colour on the ventral side. Combined with an erratic and fast flight, these colour patterns increase the difficulty of capture by predators and contribute to the high escape abilities of these butterflies. We hypothesize that, beyond their direct contribution to predator escape, these wing patterns can be used as signals of escape abilities by predators, resulting in positive frequency-dependent selection favouring convergence in wing pattern in sympatry. To test this hypothesis, we quantified dorsal wing pattern variations of 723 butterflies from the three species sampled throughout their distribution, including sympatric and allopatric situations and compared the phenotypic distances between species, sex and localities. We detected a significant effect of localities on colour pattern, and higher inter-specific resemblance in sympatry as compared to allopatry, consistent with the hypothesis of local convergence of wing patterns. Our results provide support to the existence of escape mimicry in the wild and stress the importance of estimating trait variation within species to understand trait variation between species, and to a larger extent, trait diversification at the macro-evolutionary scale.
Banques de données
Dryad
['10.5061/dryad.6q573n5xb']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
284-295Informations de copyright
© 2020 European Society For Evolutionary Biology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2020 European Society For Evolutionary Biology.
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