Neuroplasticity of the visual cortex: in sickness and in health.
Amblyopia
Glaucoma
Macular degeneration
Monocular deprivation
Neural plasticity
Retinitis pigmentosa
Visual cortex
Journal
Experimental neurology
ISSN: 1090-2430
Titre abrégé: Exp Neurol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370712
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2021
01 2021
Historique:
received:
20
07
2020
revised:
14
10
2020
accepted:
21
10
2020
pubmed:
3
11
2020
medline:
20
4
2021
entrez:
2
11
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Brain plasticity refers to the ability of synaptic connections to adapt their function and structure in response to experience, including environmental changes, sensory deprivation and injuries. Plasticity is a distinctive, but not exclusive, property of the developing nervous system. This review introduces the concept of neuroplasticity and describes classic paradigms to illustrate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying synapse modifiability. Then, we summarize a growing number of studies showing that the adult cerebral cortex retains a significant degree of plasticity highlighting how the identification of strategies to enhance the plastic potential of the adult brain could pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic approaches aimed at treating amblyopia and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Finally, we analyze how the visual system adjusts to neurodegenerative conditions leading to blindness and we discuss the crucial role of spared plasticity in the visual system for sight recovery.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33132181
pii: S0014-4886(20)30346-0
doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113515
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
113515Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.