Obesity: a Ghost at the Feast of the Sustainable Development Goals.

Accountability Malnutrition SDGs Stigma Sustainable development

Journal

Current obesity reports
ISSN: 2162-4968
Titre abrégé: Curr Obes Rep
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101578283

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Dec 2020
Historique:
accepted: 05 10 2020
pubmed: 6 11 2020
medline: 29 7 2021
entrez: 5 11 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Despite its rapidly rising global prevalence, obesity is not featured in any of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This review highlights the multiple points at which obesity is affected by the Goals. At least 14 out of the 17 thematic SDG targets play a role in driving the obesity epidemic, including health, food, education, water quality, land and ocean quality, urbanisation and employment. Although the SDGs recognise the need to reduce 'malnutrition in all its forms', the Goals underplay the role of urbanisation and unregulated markets on dietary health. Furthermore, adherence to the SDGs may be weak and compromised by conflicted interests. Nonetheless, governments have shown that they can, when pressed, respond to health challenges, and we anticipate how the rise in the numbers of people experiencing excess bodyweight may itself lead to greater demand for collective responsibility to ensure our environments are fully health-creating.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33150564
doi: 10.1007/s13679-020-00405-x
pii: 10.1007/s13679-020-00405-x
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

470-478

Commentaires et corrections

Type : ErratumIn

Références

World Health Organization. Global action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs 2013–2020. Geneva, 2013. https://www.who.int/nmh/events/ncd_action_plan/en/ . Accessed 25 Oct 2020.
UN Sustainable Development Goals Knowledge Platform. Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Geneva: UN; 2019.
United Nations. Political Declaration of the High-level Meeting on Universal Health Coverage. Resolution A/RES/74/2 adopted by the General Assembly. New York: UN; 2019.
UNCSCN. Non-communicable diseases, diets and nutrition. 2018. Rome: United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition; 2018. https://www.unscn.org/en/unscn-publications?idnews=1831 . Accessed 25 Oct 2020.
FAO. The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2018. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Fund for Agricultural Development, UNICEF, World Food Programme, World Health Organization; 2018.
Development Initiatives. 2018 global nutrition report: shining a light to spur action on nutrition. Bristol: Development Initiatives; 2018.
WHO. Global nutrition targets 2025: stunting policy brief. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014.
NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet. 2017;390:2627–42.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3
NCD Countdown 2030 collaborators. NCD Countdown 2030: worldwide trends in non-communicable disease mortality and progress towards Sustainable Development Goal target 3.4. Lancet. 2018;392:1072–88. https://globalnutritionreport.org/reports/global-nutrition-report-2018/ .
World Obesity Federation. Obesity: missing the 2025 global targets. 2nd ed. London: WOF; 2020. [Using 2025 projections from the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (op cit and personal communications)]. https://www.worldobesity.org/resources/resource-library/world-obesity-day-missing-the-targets-report .
Lobstein T. Post-2015 agenda: sustainable and healthy food systems for preventing the crisis in child obesity. SCN News. 2015;41:19–26.
HLPE. Food security and climate change. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security. Rome: FAO; 2012. http://www.fao.org/3/a-me421e.pdf .
Moodie R, Stuckler D, Monteiro C, et al. Lancet NCD action group. Profits and pandemics: prevention of harmful effects of tobacco, alcohol, and ultra-processed food and drink industries. Lancet. 2013;381(9867):670–9.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62089-3
Swinburn BA, Kraak VI, Allender S, Atkins VJ, Baker PI, Bogard JR, et al. The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: the Lancet Commission report. Lancet. 2019;393(10173):791–846.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32822-8
Branca F, Lartey A, Oenema S, et al. Transforming the food system to fight non-communicable diseases. BMJ. 2019;364:l296.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.l296
Templin T, Cravo Oliveira Hashiguchi T, Thomson B, Dieleman J, Bendavid E. The overweight and obesity transition from the wealthy to the poor in low- and middle-income countries: a survey of household data from 103 countries. PLoS Med. 2019;16(11):e1002968 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6880978/ .
doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002968
Dinsa GD, Goryakin Y, Fumagalli E, Suhrcke M. 2012. Obesity and socioeconomic status in developing countries: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2012;13(11):1067–79 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798095/ .
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01017.x
WHA. Comprehensive implementation plan on maternal, infant and young child nutrition Resolution WHA65.6. Geneva: World Health Assembly; 2012. and especially targets listed in Annex 2.
WHO/UNICEF. Discussion paper: The extension of the 2025 Maternal, Infant and Young Child nutrition targets to 2030. Geneva: World Health Organization (undated c2018). https://www.who.int/nutrition/global-target-2025/discussion-paper-extension-targets-2030.pdf .
Jackson Leach R, Powis J, Baur LA, Caterson ID, Dietz W, Logue J, et al. Clinical care for obesity: a preliminary survey of sixty-eight countries. Clin Obes. 2020;10(2):e12357.
Sen S, Carpenter AH, Hochstadt J, Huddleston JY, Kustanovich V, Reynolds AA, et al. Nutrition, weight gain and eating behavior in pregnancy: a review of experimental evidence for long-term effects on the risk of obesity in offspring. Physiol Behav. 2012;107(1):138–45.
doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.04.014
Savage JS, Fisher JO, Birch LL. Parental influence on eating behavior: conception to adolescence. J Law Med Ethics. 2007;35(1):22–34.
doi: 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2007.00111.x
Robertson A, Loring B. Obesity and inequities: guidance for addressing inequities in overweight and obesity. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe; 2014. https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/247638/obesity-090514.pdf .
Sievert K, Lobstein T, Baker P. Stigmatizing images in the media - a cross-national survey. Clin Obes. 2018;8(6):407–10.
doi: 10.1111/cob.12282
Lopez O, Jacobs A. In town with little water, Coca-Cola is everywhere. So is diabetes: New York Times; 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/14/world/americas/mexico-coca-cola-diabetes.html .
WHO. Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. Implementation plan: executive summary. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017. http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/259349/1/WHO-NMH-PND-ECHO-17.1-eng.pdf .
Hughes A, Kumari M. Unemployment, underweight, and obesity: findings from understanding society (UKHLS). Prev Med. 2017;97:19–25.
doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.12.045
Zuelke AE, Luck T, Schroeter ML, Witte AV, Hinz A, Engel C, et al. The association between unemployment and depression-results from the population-based LIFE-adult-study. J Affect Disord. 2018;235:399–406.
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.073
Luppino FS, de Wit LM, Bouvy PF, Stijnen T, Cuijpers P, Penninx BWJH, et al. Overweight, obesity, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(3):220–9.
doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.2
Dinsa GD, Goryakin Y, Fumagalli E, Suhrcke M. Obesity and socioeconomic status in developing countries: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2012;13(11):1067–79.
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01017.x
Pickett KE, Kelly S, Brunner E, Lobstein T, Wilkinson RG. Wider income gaps, wider waistbands? An ecological study of obesity and income inequality. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005;59(8):670–4.
doi: 10.1136/jech.2004.028795
Knai C, Lobstein T, Darmon N, Rutter H, McKee M. Socioeconomic patterning of childhood overweight status in Europe. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012;9(4):1472–89.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph9041472
Puhl RM, Heuer CA. The stigma of obesity: a review and update. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17(5):941–64.
doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.636
Phelan SM, Burgess DJ, Yeazel MW, Hellerstedt WL, Griffin JM, van Ryn M. Impact of weight bias and stigma on quality of care and outcomes for patients with obesity. Obes Rev. 2015;16(4):319–26.
doi: 10.1111/obr.12266
An R, Ji M, Yan H, Guan C. Impact of ambient air pollution on obesity: a systematic review. Int J Obes. 2018;42(6):1112–26.
doi: 10.1038/s41366-018-0089-y
EAT. The EAT-Lancet Commission on Food, Planet, Health. Stockholm: EAT; 2019. https://eatforum.org/eat-lancet-commission/ .
IPCC. Climate change and land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, 2019. https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/
Schlesinger S, Neuenschwander M, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Bechthold A, Boeing H, et al. Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Adv Nutr. 2019;10(2):205–18.
doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy092
Rouhani MH, Salehi-Abargouei A, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Obes Rev. 2014;15(9):740–8.
doi: 10.1111/obr.12172
Misra A, Singhal N, Khurana L. Obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes in developing countries: role of dietary fats and oils. J Am Coll Nutr. 2010;29(3 Suppl):289S–301S.
doi: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719844
WCRFI. NOURISHING Database. London: World Cancer Research International; 2020. https://policydatabase.wcrf.org/ .
Reeve B, Gostin LO. “Big” food, tobacco, and alcohol: reducing industry influence on noncommunicable disease prevention laws and policies. Comment on “Addressing NCDs: challenges from industry market promotion and interferences”. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2019;8(7):450–4.
doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2019.30
SCN. Nutrition and business: how to engage? SCN News; 39. Rome: UN Standing Committee on Nutrition; 2011.
WHO. Obesity and overweight. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight .
Lobstein T. The language of obesity just makes matters worse. Nat Hum Behav. 2018;2:165. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-018-0295-6 .
Darbre PD. Endocrine disruptors and obesity. Curr Obes Rep. 2017;6(1):18–27.
doi: 10.1007/s13679-017-0240-4
Anon. “Judith Collins: obese people must take responsibility for ‘personal choices’”. Radio New Zealand, 13 October 2020. https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/428264/judithcollins-obese-people-must-take-responsibility-for-personal-choices . Accessed 15 Oct 2020.
Rubino F, Puhl RM, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, Ryan DH, Mechanick JI, et al. Joint international consensus statement for ending stigma of obesity. Nat Med. 2020;26:485–97.
Puhl RM, Himmelstein MS, Quinn DM. Internalizing weight stigma: prevalence and sociodemographic considerations in US adults. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018;26:167–75.
doi: 10.1002/oby.22029
Juvenalis DJ. The vanity of human wishes. Satiric Poem X. Rome: c120 CE.

Auteurs

Tim Lobstein (T)

World Obesity Federation, Suite 406, 107-111 Fleet Street, London, EC4A 2AB, UK. tlobstein@worldobesity.org.
Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. tlobstein@worldobesity.org.

Katy Cooper (K)

UK Working Group on NCDs, London, UK.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH