[Vision restoration: science fiction or reality?]
Restauration de la vision: Science-fiction ou réalité ?
Journal
Medecine sciences : M/S
ISSN: 1958-5381
Titre abrégé: Med Sci (Paris)
Pays: France
ID NLM: 8710980
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2020
Nov 2020
Historique:
entrez:
5
11
2020
pubmed:
6
11
2020
medline:
15
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Visual prostheses aim at restoring useful vision to patients who have become blind. This useful vision should enable them to regain autonomy in society for navigation, face recognition or reading. Two retinal prostheses have already obtained market authorization for patients affected by retinal dystrophies while a new device is in clinical trials for patients affected by age-related macular degeneration. Various prostheses, in particular cortical prostheses, are currently in clinical trials for optic neuropathies (glaucoma). Optogenetic therapy, an alternative strategy, has now reached the stage of clinical trials at the retinal level while moving forward at the cortical level. Other innovating strategies have obtained proofs of concepts in rodents but require a further validation in large animals prior to their evaluation on patients. Restoring vision should therefore become a reality for many patients even if this vision will not be as extensive and perfect as natural vision. Restauration de la vision: Science-fiction ou réalité ? Les prothèses visuelles ont pour objet de redonner une vision utile aux patients devenus aveugles. Cette vision utile doit leur permettre de retrouver une autonomie dans la société pour leurs déplacements, la reconnaissance des visages ou la lecture. Plusieurs prothèses rétiniennes ont déjà obtenu l’autorisation de mise sur le marché pour les dystrophies rétiniennes alors qu’un nouveau dispositif est en essai clinique pour la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge. D’autres prothèses, notamment corticales, sont en essai clinique pour les neuropathies optiques (glaucome). Des stratégies alternatives, comme la thérapie optogénétique, ont également atteint le stade des essais cliniques. D’autres ont été évaluées sur les rongeurs, attendant leur validation sur le gros animal. Revoir devrait donc prochainement devenir une réalité pour de nombreux patients, même si cette vision ne sera ni aussi étendue, ni aussi parfaite que la vision naturelle.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(fre)
Restauration de la vision: Science-fiction ou réalité ?
Identifiants
pubmed: 33151850
doi: 10.1051/medsci/2020213
pii: msc200304
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
fre
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1038-1044Informations de copyright
© 2020 médecine/sciences – Inserm.
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