Identification and characterization of new potent inhibitors of dengue virus NS5 proteinase from Andrographis paniculata supercritical extracts on in animal cell culture and in silico approaches.

About 2.5 billion peoples are at risk of dengue virus and the majority of people, use traditional plant-based medicines to combat dengue. The whole plant of Andrographis paniculata used traditionally over past decades for health promotion. Andrographolide isolated from Andrographis paniculata is used as natural remedy for the treatment of various diseases in different parts of the world. Andrographolide has been reported to have antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, chikungunya virus, dengue virus 2 and 4. The aim of the present study to isolate the andrographolide from the A. paniculata by supercritical fluid extraction technique and to characterize the isolated compound along with it anti-dengue activity against DENV-2 in vitro and in silico methods. Supercritical extraction condition for A. paniculata was standardised to isolate andrographolide compound at definite temperature and pressure on the basis of previous study. The andrographolide was identified by using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-VIS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone was isolated from the A. paniculata supercritical extract at 40 °C temperature and 15 Mpa pressure. UV spectrophotometer analysis revealed that the curve of andrographolide plant extract was overlapped with reference compound at 228 nm and the similar bands were detected from FT-IR spectroscopy analysis at 3315, 2917, 2849, 1673, 1462 and 1454 cm It is concluded that isolated andrographolide from the A. paniculata possess anti-dengue activity against dengue-2 virus as revealed from in vitro and in silico method. Due to lack of the vaccine and anti-viral agents, andrographolide extracted from A. paniculata play a major role to inhibit the dengue replication. Hence, it could be a source for drug design and help to reduce the dengue infection.

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