Clinical Correlates of Functional Motor Disorders: An Italian Multicenter Study.

functional neurological disorders, functional dystonia, functional tremor, functional weakness, diagnosis

Journal

Movement disorders clinical practice
ISSN: 2330-1619
Titre abrégé: Mov Disord Clin Pract
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101630279

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Nov 2020
Historique:
received: 08 07 2020
accepted: 04 08 2020
entrez: 9 11 2020
pubmed: 10 11 2020
medline: 10 11 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Functional motor disorders (FMDs) are abnormal movements that are significantly altered by distractive maneuvers and are incongruent with movement disorders seen in typical neurological diseases. The objectives of this article are to (1) describe the clinical manifestations of FMDs, including nonmotor symptoms and occurrence of other functional neurological disorders (FND); and (2) to report the frequency of isolated and combined FMDs and their relationship with demographic and clinical variables. For this multicenter, observational study, we enrolled consecutive outpatients with a definite diagnosis of FMDs attending 25 tertiary movement disorders centers in Italy. Each patient underwent a detailed clinical evaluation with a definition of the phenotype and number of FMDs (isolated, combined) and an assessment of associated neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Of 410 FMDs (71% females; mean age, 47 ± 16.1 years) the most common phenotypes were weakness and tremor. People with FMDs had higher educational levels than the general population and frequent nonmotor symptoms, especially anxiety, fatigue, and pain. Almost half of the patients with FMDs had other FNDs, such as sensory symptoms, nonepileptic seizures, and visual symptoms. Patients with combined FMDs showed a higher burden of nonmotor symptoms and more frequent FNDs. Multivariate regression analysis showed that a diagnosis of combined FMDs was more likely to be delivered by a movement disorders neurologist. Also, FMD duration, pain, insomnia, diagnosis of somatoform disease, and treatment with antipsychotics were all significantly associated with combined FMDs. Our findings highlight the need for multidimensional assessments in patients with FMDs given the high frequency of nonmotor symptoms and other FNDs, especially in patients with combined FMDs.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Functional motor disorders (FMDs) are abnormal movements that are significantly altered by distractive maneuvers and are incongruent with movement disorders seen in typical neurological diseases.
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this article are to (1) describe the clinical manifestations of FMDs, including nonmotor symptoms and occurrence of other functional neurological disorders (FND); and (2) to report the frequency of isolated and combined FMDs and their relationship with demographic and clinical variables.
METHODS METHODS
For this multicenter, observational study, we enrolled consecutive outpatients with a definite diagnosis of FMDs attending 25 tertiary movement disorders centers in Italy. Each patient underwent a detailed clinical evaluation with a definition of the phenotype and number of FMDs (isolated, combined) and an assessment of associated neurological and psychiatric symptoms.
RESULTS RESULTS
Of 410 FMDs (71% females; mean age, 47 ± 16.1 years) the most common phenotypes were weakness and tremor. People with FMDs had higher educational levels than the general population and frequent nonmotor symptoms, especially anxiety, fatigue, and pain. Almost half of the patients with FMDs had other FNDs, such as sensory symptoms, nonepileptic seizures, and visual symptoms. Patients with combined FMDs showed a higher burden of nonmotor symptoms and more frequent FNDs. Multivariate regression analysis showed that a diagnosis of combined FMDs was more likely to be delivered by a movement disorders neurologist. Also, FMD duration, pain, insomnia, diagnosis of somatoform disease, and treatment with antipsychotics were all significantly associated with combined FMDs.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Our findings highlight the need for multidimensional assessments in patients with FMDs given the high frequency of nonmotor symptoms and other FNDs, especially in patients with combined FMDs.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33163563
doi: 10.1002/mdc3.13077
pii: MDC313077
pmc: PMC7604660
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

920-929

Informations de copyright

© 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest to report.

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Auteurs

Michele Tinazzi (M)

Neurology Unit, Movement Disorders Division, Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Italy.

Francesca Morgante (F)

Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Neurosciences Research Centre Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London London United Kingdom.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Messina Messina Italy.

Enrico Marcuzzo (E)

Neurology Unit, Movement Disorders Division, Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Italy.

Roberto Erro (R)

Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana University of Salerno Baronissi Italy.

Paolo Barone (P)

Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana University of Salerno Baronissi Italy.

Roberto Ceravolo (R)

Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy.

Sonia Mazzucchi (S)

Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy.

Andrea Pilotto (A)

Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia Brescia Italy.
FERB Onlus, Ospedale S. Isidoro, Trescore Balneario Bergamo Italy.

Alessandro Padovani (A)

Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia Brescia Italy.

Luigi M Romito (LM)

Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy.

Roberto Eleopra (R)

Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy.

Mario Zappia (M)

Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences University of Catania Catania Italy.

Alessandra Nicoletti (A)

Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences University of Catania Catania Italy.

Carlo Dallocchio (C)

Department of Medical Area Neurology Unit, ASST Pavia Pavia Italy.

Carla Arbasino (C)

Department of Medical Area Neurology Unit, ASST Pavia Pavia Italy.

Francesco Bono (F)

Botulinum Toxin Center Neurology Unit A.O.U. Mater Domini Catanzaro Italy.

Angelo Pascarella (A)

Botulinum Toxin Center Neurology Unit A.O.U. Mater Domini Catanzaro Italy.

Benedetta Demartini (B)

Aldo Ravelli Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy.

Orsola Gambini (O)

Aldo Ravelli Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy.

Nicola Modugno (N)

IRCCS Neuromed Pozzilli Italy.

Enrica Olivola (E)

IRCCS Neuromed Pozzilli Italy.

Vincenzo Di Stefano (V)

Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences University G. d'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara Italy.

Alberto Albanese (A)

Department of Neurology IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital Rozzano Italy.

Gina Ferrazzano (G)

Department of Human Neurosciences Università La Sapienza Rome Italy.

Alessandro Tessitore (A)

Department of Advanced Medical and Surgery Sciences University of Campania - Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy.

Maurizio Zibetti (M)

Department of Neuroscience-Rita Levi Montalcini University of Turin Turin Italy.

Giovanna Calandra-Buonaura (G)

Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy.
IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna Bologna Italy.

Martina Petracca (M)

Movement Disorder Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy.

Marcello Esposito (M)

Clinical Neurophysiology Unit Cardarelli Hospital Naples Italy.
Department of Neurosciences Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples-Federico II Naples Italy.

Antonio Pisani (A)

Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy.

Paolo Manganotti (P)

Clinical Neurology Unit, Department of Medical Surgical and Health Services, University of Trieste Trieste Italy.

Fabrizio Stocchi (F)

University and Institute of Research and Medical Care San Raffaele Roma Rome Italy.

Mario Coletti Moja (M)

Mauriziano Hospital Umberto I Turin Italy.

Angelo Antonini (A)

Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience University of Padua Padua Italy.

Giovanni Defazio (G)

Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy.

Christian Geroin (C)

Neurology Unit, Movement Disorders Division, Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Italy.

Classifications MeSH