Histopathological variation in the demyelinating sentinel lesion of primary central nervous system lymphoma.
Central nervous system lymphoma
Demyelinating sentinel lesion
Parenchymal infiltration
Perivascular cuffing
Spontaneous regression
Journal
Surgical neurology international
ISSN: 2229-5097
Titre abrégé: Surg Neurol Int
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101535836
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
13
08
2020
accepted:
16
09
2020
entrez:
16
11
2020
pubmed:
17
11
2020
medline:
17
11
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is one of the least common malignant brain tumors. It is usually diagnosed initially as diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In rare cases, however, a demyelinating lesion referred to as a "sentinel lesion" precedes the actual diagnosis, which usually depicts two distinct patterns of inflammatory cells during histological analysis. This case report describes a unique histological finding and describes the recognized variations in sentinel lesion histopathology. A 78-year-old female patient was found to have multiple white matter lesions of various degrees of enhancement on post-contrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. A stereotactic biopsy of a heterogeneous lesion in the left occipital lobe was performed, which revealed demyelination along with lymphocytic infiltration, reactive astrocytosis, abundant T cells, and foamy macrophages. There was no evidence of monoclonality, rapid regression of all lesions occurred, and the patient was thus treated for tumefactive demyelination. Three months later, all of the residual lesions had enlarged and were homogeneously enhancing. An endoscopic-guided biopsy of the right periventricular lesion showed diffuse atypical lymphoid cells. The sentinel lesion of PCNSL expresses a variable histological pattern of inflammatory cells. This case demonstrates a unique and rare picture of mixed perivascular and parenchymal infiltration of inflammatory cells, highlighting the importance of repeated biopsies and/or radiological examinations to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is one of the least common malignant brain tumors. It is usually diagnosed initially as diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In rare cases, however, a demyelinating lesion referred to as a "sentinel lesion" precedes the actual diagnosis, which usually depicts two distinct patterns of inflammatory cells during histological analysis. This case report describes a unique histological finding and describes the recognized variations in sentinel lesion histopathology.
CASE DESCRIPTION
METHODS
A 78-year-old female patient was found to have multiple white matter lesions of various degrees of enhancement on post-contrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. A stereotactic biopsy of a heterogeneous lesion in the left occipital lobe was performed, which revealed demyelination along with lymphocytic infiltration, reactive astrocytosis, abundant T cells, and foamy macrophages. There was no evidence of monoclonality, rapid regression of all lesions occurred, and the patient was thus treated for tumefactive demyelination. Three months later, all of the residual lesions had enlarged and were homogeneously enhancing. An endoscopic-guided biopsy of the right periventricular lesion showed diffuse atypical lymphoid cells.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The sentinel lesion of PCNSL expresses a variable histological pattern of inflammatory cells. This case demonstrates a unique and rare picture of mixed perivascular and parenchymal infiltration of inflammatory cells, highlighting the importance of repeated biopsies and/or radiological examinations to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33194276
doi: 10.25259/SNI_531_2020
pii: SNI-11-342
pmc: PMC7655992
doi:
Types de publication
Case Reports
Langues
eng
Pagination
342Informations de copyright
Copyright: © 2020 Surgical Neurology International.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
There are no conflicts of interest.
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