Exercise/physical activity and health outcomes: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.

Exercise Health Status Humans Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Review Literature as Topic
Effectiveness Exercise Health Mortality

Journal

BMC public health
ISSN: 1471-2458
Titre abrégé: BMC Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968562

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 Nov 2020
Historique:
received: 01 04 2020
accepted: 08 11 2020
entrez: 17 11 2020
pubmed: 18 11 2020
medline: 6 3 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Sedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. It has been estimated that approximately 3.2 million deaths each year are attributable to insufficient levels of physical activity. We evaluated the available evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews (CSRs) on the effectiveness of exercise/physical activity for various health outcomes. Overview and meta-analysis. The Cochrane Library was searched from 01.01.2000 to issue 1, 2019. No language restrictions were imposed. Only CSRs of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Both healthy individuals, those at risk of a disease, and medically compromised patients of any age and gender were eligible. We evaluated any type of exercise or physical activity interventions; against any types of controls; and measuring any type of health-related outcome measures. The AMSTAR-2 tool for assessing the methodological quality of the included studies was utilised. Hundred and fifty CSRs met the inclusion criteria. There were 54 different conditions. Majority of CSRs were of high methodological quality. Hundred and thirty CSRs employed meta-analytic techniques and 20 did not. Limitations for studies were the most common reasons for downgrading the quality of the evidence. Based on 10 CSRs and 187 RCTs with 27,671 participants, there was a 13% reduction in mortality rates risk ratio (RR) 0.87 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.78 to 0.96]; I There is a plethora of CSRs evaluating the effectiveness of physical activity/exercise. The evidence suggests that physical activity/exercise reduces mortality rates and improves QOL with minimal or no safety concerns. Registered in PROSPERO ( CRD42019120295 ) on 10th January 2019.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Sedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. It has been estimated that approximately 3.2 million deaths each year are attributable to insufficient levels of physical activity. We evaluated the available evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews (CSRs) on the effectiveness of exercise/physical activity for various health outcomes.
METHODS METHODS
Overview and meta-analysis. The Cochrane Library was searched from 01.01.2000 to issue 1, 2019. No language restrictions were imposed. Only CSRs of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Both healthy individuals, those at risk of a disease, and medically compromised patients of any age and gender were eligible. We evaluated any type of exercise or physical activity interventions; against any types of controls; and measuring any type of health-related outcome measures. The AMSTAR-2 tool for assessing the methodological quality of the included studies was utilised.
RESULTS RESULTS
Hundred and fifty CSRs met the inclusion criteria. There were 54 different conditions. Majority of CSRs were of high methodological quality. Hundred and thirty CSRs employed meta-analytic techniques and 20 did not. Limitations for studies were the most common reasons for downgrading the quality of the evidence. Based on 10 CSRs and 187 RCTs with 27,671 participants, there was a 13% reduction in mortality rates risk ratio (RR) 0.87 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.78 to 0.96]; I
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
There is a plethora of CSRs evaluating the effectiveness of physical activity/exercise. The evidence suggests that physical activity/exercise reduces mortality rates and improves QOL with minimal or no safety concerns.
TRIAL REGISTRATION BACKGROUND
Registered in PROSPERO ( CRD42019120295 ) on 10th January 2019.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09855-3 PMID: 33198717 PMC: PMC7670795
pubmed: 33198717
doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09855-3
pii: 10.1186/s12889-020-09855-3
pmc: PMC7670795
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Meta-Analysis Systematic Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1724

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Auteurs

Pawel Posadzki (P)

Kleijnen Systematic Reviews Ltd., York, UK.
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Dawid Pieper (D)

Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany. dawid.pieper@uni-wh.de.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0715-5182

Ram Bajpai (R)

School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.

Hubert Makaruk (H)

Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Faculty Physical Education and Health, Biala Podlaska, Poland.

Nadja Könsgen (N)

Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.

Annika Lena Neuhaus (AL)

Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.

Monika Semwal (M)

Health Outcomes Division, University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Austin, USA.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Activités humaines › Exercice physique › Exercise/physical activity and health...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Mesures épidémiologiques › Démographie › État de santé › Exercise/physical activity and health...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Exercise/physical activity and health...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études cliniques comme sujet › Essais cliniques comme sujet › Essais cliniques contrôlés comme sujet › Essais contrôlés randomisés comme sujet › Exercise/physical activity and health...
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