Diverse approaches to scoliosis in young children.

Management of scoliosis in young children needs a comprehensive approach because of its complexity. There are many debatable points; however, only serial casting, growing rods (including traditional and magnetically controlled) and anterior vertebral body tethering will be discussed in this article.Serial casting is a time-gaining method for postponing surgical interventions in early onset scoliosis, despite the fact that it has some adverse effects which should be considered and discussed with the family beforehand.Use of growing rods is a growth-friendly surgical technique for the treatment of early onset spine deformity which allows chest growth and lung development. Magnetically controlled growing rods are effective in selected cases although they sometimes have a high number of unplanned revisions.Anterior vertebral body tethering seems to be a promising novel technique for the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis in immature cases. It provides substantial correction and continuous curve control while maintaining mobility between spinal segments. However, long-term results, adverse effects and their prevention should be clarified by future studies. Cite this article:

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ICMJE Conflict of interest statement: AS reports payments as faculty in AOSpine Courses for AOSpine Foundation; is co-chair of the trauma module in the diploma programme of Eurospine; is supported by Eurospine for accommodation and travel expenses during courses; was co-chair of SRS Current Concepts in Deformity courses in 2019 with the Spine Society of Europe and Scoliosis Research paying for expenses during these activities, all outside the submitted work. IH reports consultancy for and grants pending from Medtronic, K2M, outside the submitted work. The other authors declare no conflict of interest relevant to this work.