The COVID-19 Outbreak and Subjects With Mental Disorders Who Presented to an Italian Psychiatric Emergency Department.
Journal
The Journal of nervous and mental disease
ISSN: 1539-736X
Titre abrégé: J Nerv Ment Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0375402
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 04 2021
01 04 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
21
11
2020
medline:
10
4
2021
entrez:
20
11
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
We performed a retrospective study from January to May 2020 to establish the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with mental health problems who arrived at an Italian emergency department during the COVID-19 outbreak. We divided the sample into two groups taking as a watershed March 11, when the World Health Organization announced COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. Chi-square/t-tests, adjusted p values (Bonferroni method), and regression analysis were performed. Patients who arrived at the emergency department during the lockdown decreased by 56%; showed greater active suicidal ideation, more tension, and more severe psychopathological state; were living alone more frequently; and were taking home treatment mainly based on second-generation antipsychotics. According to our study, it seems that patients with mental disorders have consulted psychiatric services less frequently during the pandemic, but the economic, health, and social distress may be linked with an increase in suicidal risk and the severity of the psychopathological state.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33214387
pii: 00005053-202104000-00006
doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001289
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
246-250Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Références
Anderson KK, Norman R, MacDougall A, Edwards J, Palaniyappan L, Lau C, Kurdyak P (2018) Effectiveness of early psychosis intervention: Comparison of service users and nonusers in population-based health administrative data. Am J Psychiatry . 175:443–452.
Andreasen NC (1984) Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). Group . 17:173–180.
Berardelli I, Corigliano V, Hawkins M, Comparelli A, Erbuto D, Pompili M (2018) Lifestyle interventions and prevention of suicide. Front Psychiatry . 9:567.
Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, Rubin GJ (2020) The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet . 395:912–920.
Calati R, Ferrari C, Brittner M, Oasi O, Olié E, Carvalho AF, Courtet P (2019) Suicidal thoughts and behaviors and social isolation: A narrative review of the literature. J Affect Disord . 245:653–667.
Cheung YT, Chau PH, Yip PS (2008) A revisit on older adults suicides and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in Hong Kong. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry . 23:1231–1238.
Chevance A, Gourion D, Hoertel N, Llorca PM, Thomas P, Bocher R, Moro MR, Laprévote V, Benyamina A, Fossati P, Masson M, Leaune E, Leboyer M, Gaillard R (2020) Ensuring mental health care during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France: A narrative review. Encephale . 46:193–201.
D'Agostino A, Demartini B, Cavallotti S, Gambini O (2020) Mental health services in Italy during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry . 7:385–387.
de Girolamo G, Cerveri G, Clerici M, Monzani E, Spinogatti F, Starace F, Tura G, Vita A (2020) Mental health in the coronavirus disease 2019 emergency—The Italian response. JAMA Psychiatry . 77:974–976.
Fatke B, Hölzle P, Frank A, Förstl H (2020) Psychische probleme in der pandemie—Beobachtungen während der COVID-19-krise. Dtsch Med Wochenschr . 145:675–681.
First MB, Williams JBW, Karg RS, Spitzer RL (2016) Structured clinical interview for DSM-5 disorders (SCID-5-CV): Clinician version . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Ghebreyesus TA (2020) Addressing mental health needs: An integral part of COVID-19 response. World Psychiatry . 19:129–130.
Gunnell D, Appleby L, Arensman E, Hawton K, John A, Kapur N, Khan M, O'Connor RC, Pirkis J; COVID-19 Suicide Prevention Research Collaboration (2020) Suicide risk and prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry . 7:468–471.
Hamilton M (1959) The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol . 32:50–55.
Kozloff N, Mulsant BH, Stergiopoulos V, Voineskos AN (2020) The COVID-19 global pandemic: Implications for people with schizophrenia and related disorders. Schizophr Bull . 46:752–757.
Lin CY, Peng YC, Wu YH, Chang J, Chan CH, Yang DY (2007) The psychological effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome on emergency department staff. Emerg Med J . 24:12–17.
Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, Xiang YT, Liu Z, Hu S, Zhang B (2020) Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry . 7:e17–e18.
Mannix R, Lee LK, Fleegler EW (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and firearms in the United States: Will an epidemic of suicide follow? Ann Intern Med . 173:228–229.
Moccia L, Janiri D, Pepe M, Dattoli L, Molinaro M, De Martin V, Chieffo D, Janiri L, Fiorillo A, Sani G, Di Nicola M (2020) Affective temperament, attachment style, and the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak: An early report on the Italian general population. Brain Behav Immun . 87:75–79.
Piccinni C, Piazza A, Poluzzi E, Tarricone I, Koci A, Berardi D, Fioritti A, de Ponti F (2015) Social and clinical descriptors of antipsychotic prescription. Int J Psychiatry Med . 49:45–62.
Pompili M (2020) Suicide prevention at the time of COVID-19. Br Med J . Available at: https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/09/10/maurizio-pompili-suicide-prevention-at-the-time-of-covid-19/ .
Pompili M, Vichi M, Innamorati M, Lester D, Yang B, De Leo D, Girardi P (2014) Suicide in Italy during a time of economic recession: Some recent data related to age and gender based on a nationwide register study. Health Soc Care Community . 22:361–367.
Posner K, Brown GK, Stanley B, Brent DA, Yershova KV, Oquendo MA, Currier GW, Melvin GA, Greenhill L, Shen S, Mann JJ (2011) The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale: Initial validity and internal consistency findings from three multisite studies with adolescents and adults. Am J Psychiatry . 168:1266–1277.
Purgato M, Gastaldon C, Papola D, van Ommeren M, Barbui C, Tol WA (2018) Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries affected by humanitarian crises. Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 7:CD011849.
Reger MA, Stanley IH, Joiner TE (2020) Suicide mortality and coronavirus disease 2019—A perfect storm? JAMA Psychiatry . doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1060.
doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1060
Rubin GJ, Wessely S (2020) The psychological effects of quarantining a city. BMJ . 368:m313.
Sani G, Janiri D, Di Nicola M, Janiri L, Ferretti S, Chieffo D (2020) Mental health during and after the COVID-19 emergency in Italy. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci . 74:372.
Santone G, Bellantuono C, Rucci P, Picardi A, Preti A, de Girolamo G (2011) Patient characteristics and process factors associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy in a nationwide sample of psychiatric inpatients in Italy. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf . 20:441–449.
Sher L (2020) An infectious disease pandemic and increased suicide risk. Braz J Psychiatry . 42:239–240.
Silverman MM, Berman AL, Sanddal ND, O'carroll PW, Joiner TE (2007) Rebuilding the tower of babel: A revised nomenclature for the study of suicide and suicidal behaviors. Part 1: Background, rationale, and methodology. Suicide Life Threat Behav . 37:248–263.
Stuckler D, Basu S, Suhrcke M, Coutts A, McKee M (2009) The public health effect of economic crises and alternative policy responses in Europe: An empirical analysis. Lancet . 374:315–323.
Torous J, Jän Myrick K, Rauseo-Ricupero N, Firth J (2020) Digital mental health and COVID-19: Using technology today to accelerate the curve on access and quality tomorrow. JMIR Ment Health . 7:e18848.
Usher K, Bhullar N, Jackson D (2020) Life in the pandemic: Social isolation and mental health. J Clin Nurs . 29:2756–2757.
Wasserman IM (1992) The impact of epidemic, war, prohibition and media on suicide: United States, 1910–1920. Suicide Life Threat Behav . 22:240–254.
WHO (2013) Building back better: Sustainable mental health care after emergencies . Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
WHO (2020) Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak . Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Wong PT (1986) When disaster strikes Beverley Raphael. London: Hutchinson Education. Stress Health . 3:249.
Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, Fan B, Kong J, Yao Z, Liu X, Fuller CJ, Susser E, Lu J, Hoven CW (2009) The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: Exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk. Can J Psychiatry . 54:302–311.
Xiang Y-T, Yang Y, Li W, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Cheung T, Ng CH (2020) Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. Lancet Psychiatry . 7:228–229.
Yao H, Chen JH, Xu YF (2020) Patients with mental health disorders in the COVID-19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry . 7:e21.