Syngeneic Transplantation of Rat Olfactory Stem Cells in a Vein Conduit Improves Facial Movements and Reduces Synkinesis after Facial Nerve Injury.


Journal

Plastic and reconstructive surgery
ISSN: 1529-4242
Titre abrégé: Plast Reconstr Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 1306050

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
12 2020
Historique:
entrez: 25 11 2020
pubmed: 26 11 2020
medline: 16 1 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Posttraumatic facial paralysis is a disabling condition. Current surgical management by faciofacial nerve suture provides limited recovery. To improve the outcome, the authors evaluated an add-on strategy based on a syngeneic transplantation of nasal olfactory stem cells in a rat model of facial nerve injury. The main readouts of the study were the recording of whisking function and buccal synkinesis. Sixty rats were allocated to three groups. Animals with a 2-mm facial nerve loss were repaired with a femoral vein, filled or not with olfactory stem cells. These two groups were compared to similarly injured rats but with a faciofacial nerve suture. Olfactory stem cells were purified from rat olfactory mucosa. Three months after surgery, facial motor performance was evaluated using video-based motion analysis and electromyography. Synkinesis was assessed by electromyography, using measure of buccal involuntary movements during blink reflex, and double retrograde labeling of regenerating motoneurons. The authors' study reveals that olfactory stem cell transplantation induces functional recovery in comparison to nontransplanted and faciofacial nerve suture groups. They significantly increase (1) maximal amplitude of vibrissae protraction and retraction cycles and (2) angular velocity during protraction of vibrissae. They also reduce buccal synkinesis, according to the two techniques used. However, olfactory stem cell transplantation did not improve axonal regrowth of the facial nerve, 3 months after surgery. The authors show here that the adjuvant strategy of syngeneic transplantation of olfactory stem cells improves functional recovery. These promising results open the way for a phase I clinical trial based on the autologous engraftment of olfactory stem cells in patients with a facial nerve paralysis.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Posttraumatic facial paralysis is a disabling condition. Current surgical management by faciofacial nerve suture provides limited recovery. To improve the outcome, the authors evaluated an add-on strategy based on a syngeneic transplantation of nasal olfactory stem cells in a rat model of facial nerve injury. The main readouts of the study were the recording of whisking function and buccal synkinesis.
METHODS
Sixty rats were allocated to three groups. Animals with a 2-mm facial nerve loss were repaired with a femoral vein, filled or not with olfactory stem cells. These two groups were compared to similarly injured rats but with a faciofacial nerve suture. Olfactory stem cells were purified from rat olfactory mucosa. Three months after surgery, facial motor performance was evaluated using video-based motion analysis and electromyography. Synkinesis was assessed by electromyography, using measure of buccal involuntary movements during blink reflex, and double retrograde labeling of regenerating motoneurons.
RESULTS
The authors' study reveals that olfactory stem cell transplantation induces functional recovery in comparison to nontransplanted and faciofacial nerve suture groups. They significantly increase (1) maximal amplitude of vibrissae protraction and retraction cycles and (2) angular velocity during protraction of vibrissae. They also reduce buccal synkinesis, according to the two techniques used. However, olfactory stem cell transplantation did not improve axonal regrowth of the facial nerve, 3 months after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
The authors show here that the adjuvant strategy of syngeneic transplantation of olfactory stem cells improves functional recovery. These promising results open the way for a phase I clinical trial based on the autologous engraftment of olfactory stem cells in patients with a facial nerve paralysis.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33234960
doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000007367
pii: 00006534-202012000-00016
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1295-1305

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Auteurs

Fanny Bense (F)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Marion Montava (M)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Célia Duclos (C)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Aurélie Bisson (A)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Quentin Delarue (Q)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Nicolas Bon Mardion (NB)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Olivier Boyer (O)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

François Féron (F)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Nicolas Guérout (N)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

Jean-Paul Marie (JP)

From the Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine and the Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Normandie University; the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Rouen University Hospital; the Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Conception University Hospital; Aix Marseille University, INP, CNRS UMR 7051; and APHM, Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory.

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