Altered hormonal and autonomic nerve responses to hypo- and hyperglycaemia are found in overweight and insulin-resistant individuals and may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
/ blood
Adult
Autonomic Nervous System
/ physiopathology
Biomarkers
/ blood
Blood Glucose
/ metabolism
Blood Pressure
Cardiovascular System
/ innervation
Central Nervous System
/ physiopathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
/ blood
Female
Glucagon
/ blood
Glucose Clamp Technique
Heart Rate
Hormones
/ blood
Humans
Hydrocortisone
/ blood
Insulin Resistance
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity
/ blood
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
ACTH
Central nervous system
Cortisol
Diabetes
Glucoregulatory hormones
Glucose
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Journal
Diabetologia
ISSN: 1432-0428
Titre abrégé: Diabetologia
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0006777
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2021
03 2021
Historique:
received:
16
06
2020
accepted:
01
10
2020
pubmed:
27
11
2020
medline:
16
2
2022
entrez:
26
11
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Results from animal models and some clinical work suggest a role for the central nervous system (CNS) in glucose regulation and type 2 diabetes pathogenesis by modulation of glucoregulatory hormones and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The aim of this study was to characterise the neuroendocrine response to various glucose concentrations in overweight and insulin-resistant individuals compared with lean individuals. Overweight/obese (HI, n = 15, BMI ≥27.0 kg/m During hypoglycaemic clamps, there was an elevated cortisol response in HI vs LO (median ΔAUC 12,383 vs 4793 nmol/l × min; p = 0.050) and a significantly elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) response in HI vs LO (median ΔAUC 437.3 vs 162.0 nmol/l × min; p = 0.021). When adjusting for clamp glucose levels, obesity (p = 0.033) and insulin resistance (p = 0.009) were associated with elevated glucagon levels. By contrast, parasympathetic activity was less suppressed in overweight individuals at the last stage of hypoglycaemia compared with euglycaemia (high-frequency power of HRV, p = 0.024). M value was the strongest predictor for the ACTH and P This study supports the hypothesis that altered responses of insulin-antagonistic hormones and the ANS to glucose fluctuations occur in overweight and insulin-resistant individuals, and that these responses are probably partly mediated by the CNS. Their potential role in development of type 2 diabetes needs to be addressed in future research. Graphical abstract.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33241460
doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05332-z
pii: 10.1007/s00125-020-05332-z
pmc: PMC7864814
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Blood Glucose
0
Hormones
0
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
9002-60-2
Glucagon
9007-92-5
Hydrocortisone
WI4X0X7BPJ
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
641-655Références
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