Brain morphology does not clearly map to cognition in individuals on the bipolar-schizophrenia-spectrum: a cross-diagnostic study of cognitive subgroups.
bipolar disorder, schizophrenia spectrum, neuroimaging, cognition, cluster analysis
cognitive heterogeneity
Journal
Journal of affective disorders
ISSN: 1573-2517
Titre abrégé: J Affect Disord
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7906073
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 02 2021
15 02 2021
Historique:
received:
14
06
2020
accepted:
08
11
2020
pubmed:
29
11
2020
medline:
24
4
2021
entrez:
28
11
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Characterisation of brain morphological features common to cognitively similar individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) may be key to understanding their shared neurobiological deficits. In the current study we examined whether three previously characterised cross-diagnostic cognitive subgroups differed among themselves and in comparison to healthy controls across measures of brain morphology. T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained for 143 individuals; 65 healthy controls and 78 patients (SSD, n = 40; BD I, n = 38) classified into three cross-diagnostic cognitive subgroups: Globally Impaired (n = 24), Selectively Impaired (n = 32), and Superior/Near-Normal (n = 22). Cognitive subgroups were compared to each other and healthy controls on three separate analyses investigating (1) global, (2) regional, and (3) vertex-wise comparisons of brain volume, thickness, and surface area. No significant subgroup differences were evident in global measures of brain morphology. In region of interest analyses, the Selectively Impaired subgroup had greater right accumbens volume than those Superior/Near-Normal subgroup and healthy controls, and the Superior/Near-Normal subgroup had reduced volume of the left entorhinal region compared to all other groups. In vertex-wise comparisons, the Globally Impaired subgroup had greater right precentral volume than the Selectively Impaired subgroup, and thicker cortex in the postcentral region relative to the Superior/Near-Normal subgroup. Exploration of medication effects was limited in our data. Although some differences were evident in this sample, generally cross-diagnostic cognitive subgroups of individuals with SSD and BD did not appear to be clearly distinguished by patterns in brain morphology.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Characterisation of brain morphological features common to cognitively similar individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) may be key to understanding their shared neurobiological deficits. In the current study we examined whether three previously characterised cross-diagnostic cognitive subgroups differed among themselves and in comparison to healthy controls across measures of brain morphology.
METHOD
T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained for 143 individuals; 65 healthy controls and 78 patients (SSD, n = 40; BD I, n = 38) classified into three cross-diagnostic cognitive subgroups: Globally Impaired (n = 24), Selectively Impaired (n = 32), and Superior/Near-Normal (n = 22). Cognitive subgroups were compared to each other and healthy controls on three separate analyses investigating (1) global, (2) regional, and (3) vertex-wise comparisons of brain volume, thickness, and surface area.
RESULTS
No significant subgroup differences were evident in global measures of brain morphology. In region of interest analyses, the Selectively Impaired subgroup had greater right accumbens volume than those Superior/Near-Normal subgroup and healthy controls, and the Superior/Near-Normal subgroup had reduced volume of the left entorhinal region compared to all other groups. In vertex-wise comparisons, the Globally Impaired subgroup had greater right precentral volume than the Selectively Impaired subgroup, and thicker cortex in the postcentral region relative to the Superior/Near-Normal subgroup.
LIMITATIONS
Exploration of medication effects was limited in our data.
CONCLUSIONS
Although some differences were evident in this sample, generally cross-diagnostic cognitive subgroups of individuals with SSD and BD did not appear to be clearly distinguished by patterns in brain morphology.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33246649
pii: S0165-0327(20)32994-3
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.064
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
776-785Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.