Toxicological responses of BEAS-2B cells to repeated exposures to benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and mesitylene using air-liquid interface method.
BEAS-2B cells
air-liquid interface system
in vitro toxicology
repeated exposure
toluene
volatile organic compounds
Journal
Journal of applied toxicology : JAT
ISSN: 1099-1263
Titre abrégé: J Appl Toxicol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8109495
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2021
08 2021
Historique:
revised:
16
10
2020
received:
07
08
2020
accepted:
02
11
2020
pubmed:
4
12
2020
medline:
20
1
2022
entrez:
3
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In order to reduce exposure to toxic chemicals, the European REACH regulation (1907/2006) recommends substituting toxic molecules with compounds that are less harmful to human health and the environment. Toluene is one of the most frequently used solvents in industries despite its toxicity. The objective of this study is to better understand and compare the toxicity of toluene and its homologues in a bronchial cell model. Thus, human bronchial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to steams of toluene, m-xylene, mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene), and benzene (20 and 100 ppm). Exposure was carried out using an air-liquid interface (ALI) system (Vitrocell) during 1 h/day for 1, 3, or 5 days. Cytotoxicity, xenobiotic metabolism enzyme gene expression, and inflammatory response were evaluated following cell exposures. BEAS-2B cell exposure to toluene and its homologues revealed the involvement of major (CYP2E1) and minor metabolic pathways (CYP1A1). A late induction of genes (EPHX1, DHDH, ALDH2, and ALDH3B1) was measured from Day 3 and can be linked to the formation of metabolites. An increase in the secretion level of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and GM-CSF) was also observed. In parallel, regulation between inflammatory mediators and the expression of transmembrane glycoprotein mucin MUC1 was also studied. This in vitro approach with ALI system points out the relevance of conducting repeated exposures to detect potential late effects. The difference recorded after cell exposure to toluene and its homologues highlights the importance of substitution principle.
Substances chimiques
Benzene Derivatives
0
Xylenes
0
Toluene
3FPU23BG52
mesitylene
887L18KQ6X
Benzene
J64922108F
3-xylene
O9XS864HTE
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1262-1274Informations de copyright
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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