Exposures influencing the developing central autonomic nervous system.
autonomic nervous system
development
exposure
fetal
Journal
Birth defects research
ISSN: 2472-1727
Titre abrégé: Birth Defects Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101701004
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 07 2021
01 07 2021
Historique:
revised:
04
11
2020
received:
11
09
2020
accepted:
19
11
2020
pubmed:
4
12
2020
medline:
3
11
2021
entrez:
3
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Autonomic nervous system function is critical for transition from in-utero to ex-utero life and is associated with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric outcomes later in life. Adverse prenatal and neonatal conditions and exposures can impair or alter ANS development and, as a result, may also impact long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. The objective of this article is to provide a broad overview of the impact of factors that are known to influence autonomic development during the fetal and early neonatal period, including maternal mood and stress during and after pregnancy, fetal growth restriction, congenital heart disease, toxic exposures, and preterm birth. We touch briefly on the typical development of the ANS, then delve into both in-utero and ex-utero maternal and fetal factors that may impact developmental trajectory of the ANS and, thus, have implications in transition and in long-term developmental outcomes. While many types of exposures and conditions have been shown to impact development of the autonomic nervous system, there is still much to be learned about the mechanisms underlying these influences. In the future, more advanced neuromonitoring tools will be required to better understand autonomic development and its influence on long-term neurodevelopmental and neuropsychological function, especially during the fetal period.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
845-863Informations de copyright
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Références
Aghagoli, G., Conradt, E., Padbury, J. F., Sheinkopf, S. J., Tokadjian, H., Dansereau, L. M., … Lester, B. M. (2019). Social stress-related epigenetic changes associated with increased heart rate variability in infants. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 13, 294. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00294
Albrecht, S. S., Kuklina, E. V., Bansil, P., Jamieson, D. J., Whiteman, M. K., Kourtis, A. P., … Callaghan, W. M. (2010). Diabetes trends among delivery hospitalizations in the U.S., 1994-2004. Diabetes Care, 33(4), 768-773. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-1801
Allister, L., Lester, B. M., Carr, S., & Liu, J. (2001). The effects of maternal depression on fetal heart rate response to vibroacoustic stimulation. Developmental Neuropsychology, 20(3), 639-651. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326942DN2003_6
Al-Shargabi, T., Govindan, R. B., Dave, R., Metzler, M., Wang, Y., du Plessis, A., & Massaro, A. N. (2017). Inflammatory cytokine response and reduced heart rate variability in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Journal of Perinatology, 37(6), 668-672. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2017.15
Al-Shargabi, T., Reich, D., Govindan, R. B., Shankar, S., Metzler, M., Cristante, C., … Plessis, A. D. (2018). Changes in autonomic tone in premature infants developing necrotizing enterocolitis. American Journal of Perinatology, 35(11), 1079-1086. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1639339
Andescavage, N., duPlessis, A., Metzler, M., Bulas, D., Vezina, G., Jacobs, M., … Limperopoulos, C. (2017). In vivo assessment of placental and brain volumes in growth-restricted fetuses with and without fetal Doppler changes using quantitative 3D MRI. Journal of Perinatology, 37(12), 1278-1284. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2017.129
Andriani, H., Putri, S., Kosasih, R. I., & Kuo, H. W. (2019). Parental smoking and under-five child mortality in Southeast Asia: Evidence from demographic and health surveys. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(23), 4756. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234756.
Arnon, S., Diamant, C., Bauer, S., Regev, R., Sirota, G., & Litmanovitz, I. (2014). Maternal singing during kangaroo care led to autonomic stability in preterm infants and reduced maternal anxiety. Acta Paediatrica, 103(10), 1039-1044. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.12744
Azuine, R. E., Ji, Y., Chang, H. Y., Kim, Y., Ji, H., DiBari, J., … Wang, X. (2019). Prenatal risk factors and perinatal and postnatal outcomes associated with maternal opioid exposure in an urban, low-income, multiethnic US population. JAMA Network Open, 2(6), e196405. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.6405
Bada, H. S., Das, A., Bauer, C. R., Shankaran, S., Lester, B., LaGasse, L., … Higgins, R. (2007). Impact of prenatal cocaine exposure on child behavior problems through school age. Pediatrics, 119(2), e348-e359. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1404
Badehnoosh, B., Karamali, M., Zarrati, M., Jamilian, M., Bahmani, F., Tajabadi-Ebrahimi, M., … Asemi, Z. (2018). The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 31(9), 1128-1136. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1310193
Barbe, M. F., & Levitt, P. (1991). The early commitment of fetal neurons to the limbic cortex. The Journal of Neuroscience, 11(2), 519-533.
Bauer, A., Kantelhardt, J. W., Barthel, P., Schneider, R., Makikallio, T., Ulm, K., … Schmidt, G. (2006). Deceleration capacity of heart rate as a predictor of mortality after myocardial infarction: Cohort study. Lancet, 367(9523), 1674-1681. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68735-7
Berger, H., Gagnon, R., Sermer, M., Basso, M., Bos, H., Brown, R. N., … Walsh, J. D. (2016). Diabetes in Pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 38(7), 667-679 e661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2016.04.002
Bevan, R., Dodge, J., Nichols, P., Poseno, T., Vijayakumaran, E., Wellman, T., & Bevan, J. A. (1998). Responsiveness of human infant cerebral arteries to sympathetic nerve stimulation and vasoactive agents. Pediatric Research, 44(5), 730-739. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199811000-00016
Blair, M. M., Glynn, L. M., Sandman, C. A., & Davis, E. P. (2011). Prenatal maternal anxiety and early childhood temperament. Stress, 14(6), 644-651. https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2011.594121
Boehm, S., & Kubista, H. (2002). Fine tuning of sympathetic transmitter release via ionotropic and metabotropic presynaptic receptors. Pharmacological Reviews, 54(1), 43-99. https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.54.1.43
Bohanon, F. J., Mrazek, A. A., Shabana, M. T., Mims, S., Radhakrishnan, G. L., Kramer, G. C., & Radhakrishnan, R. S. (2015). Heart rate variability analysis is more sensitive at identifying neonatal sepsis than conventional vital signs. American Journal of Surgery, 210(4), 661-667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.06.002
Brogly, S. B., Hernandez-Diaz, S., Regan, E., Fadli, E., Hahn, K. A., & Werler, M. M. (2018). Neonatal outcomes in a medicaid population with opioid dependence. American Journal of Epidemiology, 187(6), 1153-1161. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx341
Browne, C. A., Colditz, P. B., & Dunster, K. R. (2000). Infant autonomic function is altered by maternal smoking during pregnancy. Early Human Development, 59(3), 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3782(00)00098-0
Burtchen, N., Myers, M. M., Lucchini, M., Ordonez Retamar, M., Rodriguez, D., & Fifer, W. P. (2019). Autonomic signatures of late preterm, early term, and full term neonates during early postnatal life. Early Human Development, 137, 104817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.06.012
Campbell, H., Govindan, R. B., Kota, S., Al-Shargabi, T., Metzler, M., Andescavage, N., … Massaro, A. N. (2018). Autonomic dysfunction in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy undergoing therapeutic hypothermia impairs physiological responses to routine care events. The Journal of Pediatrics, 196, 38-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.12.071
Carmody, D. P., Bennett, D. S., & Lewis, M. (2011). The effects of prenatal cocaine exposure and gender on inhibitory control and attention. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 33(1), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2010.07.004
Carroll, J. L., & Agarwal, A. (2010). Development of ventilatory control in infants. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 11(4), 199-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2010.06.002
Cerda, J., Bambs, C., & Vera, C. (2017). Infant morbidity and mortality attributable to prenatal smoking in Chile. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 41, e106.
Chasnoff, I. J., Burns, K. A., & Burns, W. J. (1987). Cocaine use in pregnancy: Perinatal morbidity and mortality. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 9(4), 291-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/0892-0362(87)90017-1
Chasnoff, I. J., Griffith, D. R., MacGregor, S., Dirkes, K., & Burns, K. A. (1989). Temporal patterns of cocaine use in pregnancy. Perinatal outcome. Journal of the American Medical Association, 261(12), 1741-1744.
Clairambault, J., Curzi-Dascalova, L., Kauffmann, F., Medigue, C., & Leffler, C. (1992). Heart rate variability in normal sleeping full-term and preterm neonates. Early Human Development, 28(2), 169-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3782(92)90111-s
Cohen, G., Jeffery, H., Lagercrantz, H., & Katz-Salamon, M. (2010). Long-term reprogramming of cardiovascular function in infants of active smokers. Hypertension, 55(3), 722-728. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.142695
Colstrup, M., Mathiesen, E. R., Damm, P., Jensen, D. M., & Ringholm, L. (2013). Pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes: Have the goals of St. Vincent declaration been met concerning foetal and neonatal complications? The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 26(17), 1682-1686. https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2013.794214
Conradt, E., Crowell, S. E., & Lester, B. M. (2018). Early life stress and environmental influences on the neurodevelopment of children with prenatal opioid exposure. Neurobiology of Stress, 9, 48-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.08.005
Conradt, E., Sheinkopf, S. J., Lester, B. M., Tronick, E., LaGasse, L. L., Shankaran, S., … Maternal Lifestyle Study. (2013). Prenatal substance exposure: Neurobiologic organization at 1 month. The Journal of Pediatrics, 163(4), 989-994 e981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.04.033
Dampney, R. A. (1994). Functional organization of central pathways regulating the cardiovascular system. Physiological Reviews, 74(2), 323-364. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1994.74.2.323
Darby, M. J., Edelstone, D. I., Bass, K., & Miller, K. (1991). Effects of fetal anemia on PO2 difference between uterine venous and umbilical venous blood. The American Journal of Physiology, 260(1 Pt 2), H276-H281. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1991.260.1.H276
Dieter, J. N. I., Emory, E. K., Johnson, K. C., & Raynor, B. D. (2008). Maternal depression and anxiety effects on the human fetus: Preliminary findings and clinical implications. Infant Mental Health Journal, 29(5), 420-441. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.20192
DiFranza, J. R., Aligne, C. A., & Weitzman, M. (2004). Prenatal and postnatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure and children's health. Pediatrics, 113(4 Suppl), 1007-1015.
DiPietro, J. A., Bornstein, M. H., Hahn, C. S., Costigan, K., & Achy-Brou, A. (2007). Fetal heart rate and variability: Stability and prediction to developmental outcomes in early childhood. Child Development, 78(6), 1788-1798. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01099.x
DiPietro, J. A., Costigan, K. A., Nelson, P., Gurewitsch, E. D., & Laudenslager, M. L. (2008). Fetal responses to induced maternal relaxation during pregnancy. Biological Psychology, 77(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.08.008
DiPietro, J. A., Costigan, K. A., Shupe, A. K., Pressman, E. K., & Johnson, T. R. (1998). Fetal neurobehavioral development: Associations with socioeconomic class and fetal sex. Developmental Psychobiology, 33(1), 79-91.
DiPietro, J. A., Costigan, K. A., & Voegtline, K. M. (2015). Studies in fetal behavior: Revisited, renewed, and reimagined. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 80(3), 1-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/mono.v80.3
DiPietro, J. A., Hodgson, D. M., Costigan, K. A., Hilton, S. C., & Johnson, T. R. (1996). Fetal neurobehavioral development. Child Development, 67(5), 2553-2567.
Donofrio, M. T., Duplessis, A. J., & Limperopoulos, C. (2011). Impact of congenital heart disease on fetal brain development and injury. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 23(5), 502-511. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0b013e32834aa583
Doyle, C., Werner, E., Feng, T., Lee, S., Altemus, M., Isler, J. R., & Monk, C. (2015). Pregnancy distress gets under fetal skin: Maternal ambulatory assessment & sex differences in prenatal development. Developmental Psychobiology, 57(5), 607-625. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21317
Elghozi, J. L., & Julien, C. (2007). Sympathetic control of short-term heart rate variability and its pharmacological modulation. Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology, 21(4), 337-347. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.2007.00502.x
Fehlert, E., Willmann, K., Fritsche, L., Linder, K., Mat-Husin, H., Schleger, F., … Fritsche, A. (2017). Gestational diabetes alters the fetal heart rate variability during an oral glucose tolerance test: A fetal magnetocardiography study. BJOG, 124(12), 1891-1898. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14474
Feig, D. S., Hwee, J., Shah, B. R., Booth, G. L., Bierman, A. S., & Lipscombe, L. L. (2014). Trends in incidence of diabetes in pregnancy and serious perinatal outcomes: A large, population-based study in Ontario, Canada, 1996-2010. Diabetes Care, 37(6), 1590-1596. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-2717
Feldman, R., & Eidelman, A. I. (2003). Skin-to-skin contact (Kangaroo Care) accelerates autonomic and neurobehavioural maturation in preterm infants. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 45(4), 274-281. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0012162203000525
Field, T., Diego, M., Hernandez-Reif, M., Schanberg, S., Kuhn, C., Yando, R., & Bendell, D. (2003). Pregnancy anxiety and comorbid depression and anger: Effects on the fetus and neonate. Depression and Anxiety, 17(3), 140-151. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10071
Figueras, F., Meler, E., Eixarch, E., Francis, A., Coll, O., Gratacos, E., & Gardosi, J. (2008). Association of smoking during pregnancy and fetal growth restriction: Subgroups of higher susceptibility. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 138(2), 171-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2007.09.005
Fischer, G., Ortner, R., Rohrmeister, K., Jagsch, R., Baewert, A., Langer, M., & Aschauer, H. (2006). Methadone versus buprenorphine in pregnant addicts: A double-blind, double-dummy comparison study. Addiction, 101(2), 275-281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01321.x
Fisher, J., Cabral de Mello, M., Patel, V., Rahman, A., Tran, T., Holton, S., & Holmes, W. (2012). Prevalence and determinants of common perinatal mental disorders in women in low- and lower-middle-income countries: A systematic review. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 90(2), 139G-149G. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.11.091850
Franco, P., Chabanski, S., Szliwowski, H., Dramaix, M., & Kahn, A. (2000). Influence of maternal smoking on autonomic nervous system in healthy infants. Pediatric Research, 47(2), 215-220. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-200002000-00011
Fyfe, K. L., Odoi, A., Yiallourou, S. R., Wong, F. Y., Walker, A. M., & Horne, R. S. (2015). Preterm infants exhibit greater variability in cerebrovascular control than term infants. Sleep, 38(9), 1411-1421. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.4980
Fyfe, K. L., Yiallourou, S. R., Wong, F. Y., Odoi, A., Walker, A. M., & Horne, R. S. (2015). The effect of gestational age at birth on post-term maturation of heart rate variability. Sleep, 38(10), 1635-1644. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.5064
Galland, B. C., Hayman, R. M., Taylor, B. J., Bolton, D. P., Sayers, R. M., & Williams, S. M. (2000). Factors affecting heart rate variability and heart rate responses to tilting in infants aged 1 and 3 months. Pediatric Research, 48(3), 360-368. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-200009000-00017
Garite, T. J., Clark, R., & Thorp, J. A. (2004). Intrauterine growth restriction increases morbidity and mortality among premature neonates. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 191(2), 481-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.01.036
Ghiasi, S., Greco, A., Barbieri, R., Scilingo, E. P., & Valenza, G. (2020). Assessing autonomic function from electrodermal activity and heart rate variability during cold-pressor test and emotional challenge. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 5406. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62225-2
Graatsma, E. M., Mulder, E. J., Vasak, B., Lobmaier, S. M., Pildner von Steinburg, S., Schneider, K. T., … Visser, G. H. (2012). Average acceleration and deceleration capacity of fetal heart rate in normal pregnancy and in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 25(12), 2517-2522. https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2012.704446
Grace, T., Bulsara, M., Robinson, M., & Hands, B. (2016). The impact of maternal gestational stress on motor development in late childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal study. Child Development, 87(1), 211-220. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12449
Griffin, M. P., Lake, D. E., Bissonette, E. A., Harrell, F. E., Jr., O'Shea, T. M., & Moorman, J. R. (2005). Heart rate characteristics: Novel physiomarkers to predict neonatal infection and death. Pediatrics, 116(5), 1070-1074. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-2461
Griffin, M. P., Lake, D. E., & Moorman, J. R. (2005). Heart rate characteristics and laboratory tests in neonatal sepsis. Pediatrics, 115(4), 937-941. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-1393
Griffin, M. P., Lake, D. E., O'Shea, T. M., & Moorman, J. R. (2007). Heart rate characteristics and clinical signs in neonatal sepsis. Pediatric Research, 61(2), 222-227. https://doi.org/10.1203/01.pdr.0000252438.65759.af
Griffin, M. P., & Moorman, J. R. (2001). Toward the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and sepsis-like illness using novel heart rate analysis. Pediatrics, 107(1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.107.1.97
Griffith, D. R., Azuma, S. D., & Chasnoff, I. J. (1994). Three-year outcome of children exposed prenatally to drugs. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(1), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199401000-00004
Group, H. S. C. R, Metzger, B. E., Lowe, L. P., Dyer, A. R., Trimble, E. R., Chaovarindr, U., … Sacks, D. A. (2008). Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The New England Journal of Medicine, 358(19), 1991-2002. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0707943
Guyenet, P. G. (2006). The sympathetic control of blood pressure. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 7(5), 335-346. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1902
Hack, M., Schluchter, M., Cartar, L., & Rahman, M. (2005). Blood pressure among very low birth weight (<1.5 kg) young adults. Pediatric Research, 58(4), 677-684. https://doi.org/10.1203/01.PDR.0000180551.93470.56
Hambleton, M. T., Reynolds, E. W., Sithisarn, T., Traxel, S. J., Patwardhan, A. R., Crawford, T. N., … Bada, H. S. (2013). Autonomic nervous system function following prenatal opiate exposure. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 1, 27. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2013.00027
Haraldsdottir, K., Watson, A. M., Beshish, A. G., Pegelow, D. F., Palta, M., Tetri, L. H., … Eldridge, M. W. (2019). Heart rate recovery after maximal exercise is impaired in healthy young adults born preterm. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 119(4), 857-866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04075-z
Hayashi, S., Park, M. K., & Kuehl, T. J. (1984). Higher sensitivity of cerebral arteries isolated from premature and newborn baboons to adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation. Life Sciences, 35(3), 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(84)90108-5
Hentges, C. R., Silveira, R. C., Procianoy, R. S., Carvalho, C. G., Filipouski, G. R., Fuentefria, R. N., … Terrazan, A. C. (2014). Association of late-onset neonatal sepsis with late neurodevelopment in the first two years of life of preterm infants with very low birth weight. Jornal de Pediatria, 90(1), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2013.10.002
Herring, N., Lokale, M. N., Danson, E. J., Heaton, D. A., & Paterson, D. J. (2008). Neuropeptide Y reduces acetylcholine release and vagal bradycardia via a Y2 receptor-mediated, protein kinase C-dependent pathway. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 44(3), 477-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2007.10.001
Hickey, J. E., Suess, P. E., Newlin, D. B., Spurgeon, L., & Porges, S. W. (1995). Vagal tone regulation during sustained attention in boys exposed to opiates in utero. Addictive Behaviors, 20(1), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(94)00044-y
Horne, R. S., Fyfe, K. L., Odoi, A., Athukoralage, A., Yiallourou, S. R., & Wong, F. Y. (2016). Dummy/pacifier use in preterm infants increases blood pressure and improves heart rate control. Pediatric Research, 79(2), 325-332. https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2015.212
Howard, L. M., Molyneaux, E., Dennis, C. L., Rochat, T., Stein, A., & Milgrom, J. (2014). Non-psychotic mental disorders in the perinatal period. Lancet, 384(9956), 1775-1788. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61276-9
Huhn, E. A., Lobmaier, S., Fischer, T., Schneider, R., Bauer, A., Schneider, K. T., & Schmidt, G. (2011). New computerized fetal heart rate analysis for surveillance of intrauterine growth restriction. Prenatal Diagnosis, 31(5), 509-514. https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.2728
Jansson, L. M., Dipietro, J., & Elko, A. (2005). Fetal response to maternal methadone administration. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 193(3 Pt 1), 611-617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2005.02.075
Jansson, L. M., Dipietro, J. A., Elko, A., & Velez, M. (2010). Infant autonomic functioning and neonatal abstinence syndrome. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 109(1-3), 198-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.01.004
Jansson, L. M., Dipietro, J. A., Velez, M., Elko, A., Knauer, H., & Kivlighan, K. T. (2009). Maternal methadone dosing schedule and fetal neurobehaviour. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 22(1), 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767050802452291
Jansson, L. M., Dipietro, J. A., Velez, M., Elko, A., Williams, E., Milio, L., … Jones, H. E. (2011). Fetal neurobehavioral effects of exposure to methadone or buprenorphine. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 33(2), 240-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2010.09.003
Jones, H. E., Johnson, R. E., Jasinski, D. R., O'Grady, K. E., Chisholm, C. A., Choo, R. E., … Milio, L. (2005). Buprenorphine versus methadone in the treatment of pregnant opioid-dependent patients: Effects on the neonatal abstinence syndrome. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 79(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.11.013
Jones, N. A., Field, T., Fox, N. A., Davalos, M., Lundy, B., & Hart, S. (1998). Newborns of mothers with depressive symptoms are physiologically less developed. Infant Behavior and Development, 21(3), 537-541.
Joshi, R., Kommers, D., Oosterwijk, L., Feijs, L., van Pul, C., & Andriessen, P. (2020). Predicting neonatal sepsis using features of heart rate variability, respiratory characteristics, and ECG-derived estimates of infant motion. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 24(3), 681-692. https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2019.2927463
Karin, J., Hirsch, M., & Akselrod, S. (1993). An estimate of fetal autonomic state by spectral analysis of fetal heart rate fluctuations. Pediatric Research, 34(2), 134-138. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199308000-00005
Ko, J. Y., D'Angelo, D. V., & Haight, S. C. e. a. (2020). Vital signs: Prescription opioid pain reliever use during pregnancy - 34 U.S. jurisdictions, 2019. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69, 897-902.
Kocherlakota, P. (2014). Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics, 134(2), e547-e561. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-3524
Kommers, D. R., Joshi, R., van Pul, C., Atallah, L., Feijs, L., Oei, G., … Andriessen, P. (2017). Features of heart rate variability capture regulatory changes during kangaroo care in preterm infants. The Journal of Pediatrics, 182(92-98), e91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.11.059
Korzeniewski, S. J., Allred, E. N., Joseph, R. M., Heeren, T., Kuban, K. C. K., O'Shea, T. M., … Investigators, E. S. (2017). Neurodevelopment at age 10years of children born <28weeks with fetal growth restriction. Pediatrics, 140(5), e20170697. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-0697.
Kubista, H., & Boehm, S. (2006). Molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of exocytotic noradrenaline release via presynaptic receptors. Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 112(1), 213-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.04.005
Langer, S. Z. (2008). Presynaptic autoreceptors regulating transmitter release. Neurochemistry International, 52(1-2), 26-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2007.04.031
Lanting, C. I., Buitendijk, S. E., Crone, M. R., Segaar, D., Bennebroek Gravenhorst, J., & van Wouwe, J. P. (2009). Clustering of socioeconomic, behavioural, and neonatal risk factors for infant health in pregnant smokers. PLoS One, 4(12), e8363. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008363
Lester, B. M., Corwin, M. J., Sepkoski, C., Seifer, R., Peucker, M., McLaughlin, S., & Golub, H. L. (1991). Neurobehavioral syndromes in cocaine-exposed newborn infants. Child Development, 62(4), 694-705. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01563.x
Lester, B. M., Lagasse, L., Seifer, R., Tronick, E. Z., Bauer, C. R., Shankaran, S., … Maza, P. L. (2003). The Maternal Lifestyle Study (MLS): Effects of prenatal cocaine and/or opiate exposure on auditory brain response at one month. The Journal of Pediatrics, 142(3), 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2003.112
Lewis, B. A., Minnes, S., Short, E. J., Weishampel, P., Satayathum, S., Min, M. O., … Singer, L. T. (2011). The effects of prenatal cocaine on language development at 10 years of age. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 33(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2010.06.006
Licht, D. J., Shera, D. M., Clancy, R. R., Wernovsky, G., Montenegro, L. M., Nicolson, S. C., … Vossough, A. (2009). Brain maturation is delayed in infants with complex congenital heart defects. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 137(3), 529-536; discussion 536-527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.10.025
Limperopoulos, C., Tworetzky, W., McElhinney, D. B., Newburger, J. W., Brown, D. W., Robertson, R. L., Jr., … du Plessis, A. J. (2010). Brain volume and metabolism in fetuses with congenital heart disease: Evaluation with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Circulation, 121(1), 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.865568
Lin, Y., Xu, J., Huang, J., Jia, Y., Zhang, J., Yan, C., & Zhang, J. (2017). Effects of prenatal and postnatal maternal emotional stress on toddlers' cognitive and temperamental development. Journal of Affective Disorders, 207, 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.010
Lobmaier, S. M., Huhn, E. A., Pildner von Steinburg, S., Muller, A., Schuster, T., Ortiz, J. U., … Schneider, K. T. (2012). Phase-rectified signal averaging as a new method for surveillance of growth restricted fetuses. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 25(12), 2523-2528. https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2012.696163
Lobmaier, S. M., Ortiz, J. U., Sewald, M., Muller, A., Schmidt, G., Haller, B., … Wacker-Gussmann, A. (2018). Influence of gestational diabetes on fetal autonomic nervous system: A study using phase-rectified signal-averaging analysis. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 52(3), 347-351. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.18823
Longin, E., Gerstner, T., Schaible, T., Lenz, T., & Konig, S. (2006). Maturation of the autonomic nervous system: Differences in heart rate variability in premature vs. term infants. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 34(4), 303-308. https://doi.org/10.1515/JPM.2006.058
Loomans, E. M., van Dijk, A. E., Vrijkotte, T. G., van Eijsden, M., Stronks, K., Gemke, R. J., & Van den Bergh, B. R. (2013). Psychosocial stress during pregnancy is related to adverse birth outcomes: Results from a large multi-ethnic community-based birth cohort. European Journal of Public Health, 23(3), 485-491. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cks097
Lucchini, M., Fifer, W. P., Sahni, R., & Signorini, M. G. (2016). Novel heart rate parameters for the assessment of autonomic nervous system function in premature infants. Physiological Measurement, 37(9), 1436-1446. https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/37/9/1436
Macintosh, M. C., Fleming, K. M., Bailey, J. A., Doyle, P., Modder, J., Acolet, D., … Miller, A. (2006). Perinatal mortality and congenital anomalies in babies of women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: Population based study. British Medical Journal, 333(7560), 177. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38856.692986.AE
Malliani, A., Lombardi, F., & Pagani, M. (1994). Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability: A tool to explore neural regulatory mechanisms. British Heart Journal, 71(1), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.71.1.1
Martin, M. M., Graham, D. L., McCarthy, D. M., Bhide, P. G., & Stanwood, G. D. (2016). Cocaine-induced neurodevelopmental deficits and underlying mechanisms. Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today, 108(2), 147-173. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdrc.21132
Massaro, A. N., Govindan, R. B., Al-Shargabi, T., Andescavage, N. N., Metzler, M., Chang, T., … du Plessis, A. J. (2014). Heart rate variability in encephalopathic newborns during and after therapeutic hypothermia. Journal of Perinatology, 34(11), 836-841. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2014.108
Mehta, S. K., Super, D. M., Connuck, D., Kirchner, H. L., Salvator, A., Singer, L., … Kaufman, E. S. (2002). Autonomic alterations in cocaine-exposed infants. American Heart Journal, 144(6), 1109-1115. https://doi.org/10.1067/mhj.2002.126120
Mehta, S. K., Super, D. M., Salvator, A., Singer, L., Connuck, D., Fradley, L. G., … Kaufman, E. S. (2001). Heart rate variability in cocaine-exposed newborn infants. American Heart Journal, 142(5), 828-832. https://doi.org/10.1067/mhj.2001.118112
Metzler, M., Govindan, R., Al-Shargabi, T., Vezina, G., Andescavage, N., Wang, Y., … Massaro, A. N. (2017). Pattern of brain injury and depressed heart rate variability in newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Pediatric Research, 82(3), 438-443. https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.94
Miller, S. L., Huppi, P. S., & Mallard, C. (2016). The consequences of fetal growth restriction on brain structure and neurodevelopmental outcome. The Journal of Physiology, 594(4), 807-823. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP271402
Miller, S. P., McQuillen, P. S., Hamrick, S., Xu, D., Glidden, D. V., Charlton, N., … Vigneron, D. B. (2007). Abnormal brain development in newborns with congenital heart disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 357(19), 1928-1938. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa067393
Molkov, Y. I., Bacak, B. J., Dick, T. E., & Rybak, I. A. (2013). Control of breathing by interacting pontine and pulmonary feedback loops. Frontiers in Neural Circuits, 7, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2013.00016
Montagna, A., & Nosarti, C. (2016). Socio-emotional development following very preterm birth: Pathways to psychopathology. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 80. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00080
Monteiro, L. J., Norman, J. E., Rice, G. E., & Illanes, S. E. (2016). Fetal programming and gestational diabetes mellitus. Placenta, 48(Suppl. 1), S54-S60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2015.11.015
Moorman, J. R., Lake, D. E., & Griffin, M. P. (2006). Heart rate characteristics monitoring for neonatal sepsis. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 53(1), 126-132. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2005.859810
Mourtakos, S. P., Tambalis, K. D., Panagiotakos, D. B., Antonogeorgos, G., Arnaoutis, G., Karteroliotis, K., & Sidossis, L. S. (2015). Maternal lifestyle characteristics during pregnancy, and the risk of obesity in the offspring: A study of 5,125 children. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 15, 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0498-z
Mulkey, S. B., & du Plessis, A. J. (2019). Autonomic nervous system development and its impact on neuropsychiatric outcome. Pediatric Research, 85(2), 120-126. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-018-0155-0
Mulkey, S. B., Govindan, R., Metzler, M., Swisher, C. B., Hitchings, L., Wang, Y., … du Plessis, A. J. (2020). Heart rate variability is depressed in the early transitional period for newborns with complex congenital heart disease. Clinical Autonomic Research, 30(2), 165-172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-019-00616-w
Mulkey, S. B., Govindan, R. B., Hitchings, L., Al-Shargabi, T., Herrera, N., Swisher, C. B., … du Plessis, A. J. (2020). Autonomic nervous system maturation in the premature extrauterine milieu. Pediatric Research. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-0952-0
Mulkey, S. B., Kota, S., Swisher, C. B., Hitchings, L., Metzler, M., Wang, Y., … Govindan, R. (2018). Autonomic nervous system depression at term in neurologically normal premature infants. Early Human Development, 123, 11-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.07.003
Mulkey, S. B., & Plessis, A. D. (2018). The critical role of the central autonomic nervous system in fetal-neonatal transition. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 28, 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spen.2018.05.004
Nino, G., Govindan, R. B., Al-Shargabi, T., Metzler, M., Massaro, A. N., Perez, G. F., … du Plessis, A. J. (2016). Premature infants rehospitalized because of an apparent life-threatening event had distinctive autonomic developmental trajectories. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 194(3), 379-381. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201601-0150LE
Ondicova, K., & Mravec, B. (2010). Multilevel interactions between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems: A minireview. Endocrine Regulations, 44(2), 69-75. https://doi.org/10.4149/endo_2010_02_69
Ornoy, A., Reece, E. A., Pavlinkova, G., Kappen, C., & Miller, R. K. (2015). Effect of maternal diabetes on the embryo, fetus, and children: Congenital anomalies, genetic and epigenetic changes and developmental outcomes. Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today, 105(1), 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdrc.21090
Owen, M., Shevell, M., Donofrio, M., Majnemer, A., McCarter, R., Vezina, G., … Limperopoulos, C. (2014). Brain volume and neurobehavior in newborns with complex congenital heart defects. The Journal of Pediatrics, 164(5), 1121-1127 e1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.11.033
Pallotto, E. K., & Kilbride, H. W. (2006). Perinatal outcome and later implications of intrauterine growth restriction. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 49(2), 257-269. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003081-200606000-00008
Patural, H., Pichot, V., Jaziri, F., Teyssier, G., Gaspoz, J. M., Roche, F., & Barthelemy, J. C. (2008). Autonomic cardiac control of very preterm newborns: A prolonged dysfunction. Early Human Development, 84(10), 681-687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.04.010
Pearce, W. J., Williams, J. M., Hamade, M. W., Chang, M. M., & White, C. R. (2006). Chronic hypoxia modulates endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation through multiple independent mechanisms in ovine cranial arteries. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 578, 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-29540-2_14
Pinney, S. E., & Simmons, R. A. (2012). Metabolic programming, epigenetics, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Current Diabetes Reports, 12(1), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-011-0248-1
Ponirakis, A., Susman, E. J., & Stifter, C. A. (1998). Negative emotionality and cortisol during adolescent pregnancy and its effects on infant health and autonomic nervous system reactivity. Developmental Psychobiology, 33(2), 163-174.
Porges, S. W. (2011). The Polyvagal Theory. New York: WW Norton & Company.
Porges, S. W., Doussard-Roosevelt, J. A., Portales, A. L., & Greenspan, S. I. (1996). Infant regulation of the vagal "brake" predicts child behavior problems: A psychobiological model of social behavior. Developmental Psychobiology, 29(8), 697-712. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2302(199612)29:8<697::AID-DEV5>3.0.CO;2-O
Porges, S. W., & Furman, S. A. (2011). The early development of the autonomic nervous system provides a neural platform for social behavior: A polyvagal perspective. Infant and Child Development, 20(1), 106-118. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.688
Poston, L., Caleyachetty, R., Cnattingius, S., Corvalan, C., Uauy, R., Herring, S., & Gillman, M. W. (2016). Preconceptional and maternal obesity: Epidemiology and health consequences. The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, 4(12), 1025-1036. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(16)30217-0
Rand, K., & Lahav, A. (2014). Maternal sounds elicit lower heart rate in preterm newborns in the first month of life. Early Human Development, 90(10), 679-683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.07.016
Reich, D. A., Govindan, R. B., Whitehead, M. T., Wang, J., Chang, T., Kota, S., & du Plessis, A. J. (2019). The effect of unilateral stroke on autonomic function in the term newborn. Pediatric Research, 85(6), 830-834. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-019-0320-0
Reyes, L. M., Khurana, R., Usselman, C. W., Busch, S. A., Skow, R. J., Boule, N. G., … Steinback, C. D. (2020). Sympathetic nervous system activity and reactivity in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Physiological Reports, 8(13), e14504. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14504
Rose, J., Vassar, R., Cahill-Rowley, K., Hintz, S. R., & Stevenson, D. K. (2016). Neonatal biomarkers of inflammation: Correlates of early neurodevelopment and gait in very-low-birth-weight preterm children. American Journal of Perinatology, 33(1), 71-78. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1557106
Rudolph, A. (2001). Congenital diseases of the heart: Clinical-physiological considerations (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley Blackwell.
Sandman, C. A., Wadhwa, P. D., Chicz-DeMet, A., Dunkel-Schetter, C., & Porto, M. (1997). Maternal stress, HPA activity, and fetal/infant outcome. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 814, 266-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb46162.x
Sarajuuri, A., Jokinen, E., Mildh, L., Tujulin, A. M., Mattila, I., Valanne, L., & Lonnqvist, T. (2012). Neurodevelopmental burden at age 5 years in patients with univentricular heart. Pediatrics, 130(6), e1636-e1646. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-0486
Savioli, K., Rouse, C., Susi, A., Gorman, G., & Hisle-Gorman, E. (2018). Suspected or known neonatal sepsis and neurodevelopmental delay by 5 years. Journal of Perinatology, 38(11), 1573-1580. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-018-0217-5
Schaefer-Graf, U., Napoli, A., Nolan, C. J., & Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group. (2018). Diabetes in pregnancy: A new decade of challenges ahead. Diabetologia, 61(5), 1012-1021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4545-y
Schiff, D. M., & Grossman, M. R. (2019). Beyond the Finnegan scoring system: Novel assessment and diagnostic techniques for the opioid-exposed infant. Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 24(2), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2019.01.003
Schneebaum Sender, N., Govindan, R. B., Sulemanji, M., Al-Shargabi, T., Lenin, R. B., Eksioglu, Y. Z., & du Plessis, A. J. (2014). Effects of regional brain injury on the newborn autonomic nervous system. Early Human Development, 90(12), 893-896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.10.003
Schneebaum Sender, N., Govindan, R. B., Whitehead, M. T., Massaro, A. N., Metzler, M., Wang, J., … du Plessis, A. J. (2017). Cerebral modulation of the autonomic nervous system in term infants. Journal of Perinatology, 37(5), 558-562. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2016.248
Schuetze, P., & Eiden, R. D. (2006). The association between maternal smoking and secondhand exposure and autonomic functioning at 2-4 weeks of age. Infant Behavior and Development, 29(1), 32-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2005.07.001
Schuetze, P., Eiden, R. D., Colder, C. R., Gray, T. R., & Huestis, M. A. (2011). Physiological regulation in cigarette exposed infants: An examination of potential moderators. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 33(5), 567-574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2011.07.004
Seckl, J. R. (1997). Glucocorticoids, feto-placental 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, and the early life origins of adult disease. Steroids, 62(1), 89-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0039-128x(96)00165-1
Sheinkopf, S. J., Levine, T. P., McCormick, C. E. B., Puggioni, G., Conradt, E., Lagasse, L. L., & Lester, B. M. (2019). Developmental trajectories of autonomic functioning in autism from birth to early childhood. Biological Psychology, 142, 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.01.003
Shillingford, A. J., Ittenbach, R. F., Marino, B. S., Rychik, J., Clancy, R. R., Spray, T. L., … Wernovsky, G. (2007). Aortic morphometry and microcephaly in hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Cardiology in the Young, 17(2), 189-195. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951107000248
Siddiqui, S., Fifer, W. P., Ordonez-Retamar, M., Nugent, J. D., & Williams, I. A. (2017). An antenatal marker of neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with congenital heart disease. Journal of Perinatology, 37(8), 953-957. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2017.59
Siddiqui, S., Wilpers, A., Myers, M., Nugent, J. D., Fifer, W. P., & Williams, I. A. (2015). Autonomic regulation in fetuses with congenital heart disease. Early Human Development, 91(3), 195-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.12.016
Sousa, R. A. L., Torres, Y. S., Figueiredo, C. P., Passos, G. F., & Clarke, J. R. (2018). Consequences of gestational diabetes to the brain and behavior of the offspring. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 90(Suppl. 1), 2279-2291. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170264
Spallone, V. (2019). Update on the impact, diagnosis and management of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in diabetes: What is defined, what is new, and what is unmet. Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 43(1), 3-30. https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0259
Spallone, V., Ziegler, D., Freeman, R., Bernardi, L., Frontoni, S., Pop-Busui, R., … Toronto Consensus Panel on Diabetic, N. (2011). Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in diabetes: Clinical impact, assessment, diagnosis, and management. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 27(7), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.1239
Spyer, K. M. (1982). Central nervous integration of cardiovascular control. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 100, 109-128.
Stampalija, T., Casati, D., Monasta, L., Sassi, R., Rivolta, M. W., Muggiasca, M. L., … Ferrazzi, E. (2016). Brain sparing effect in growth-restricted fetuses is associated with decreased cardiac acceleration and deceleration capacities: A case-control study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 123(12), 1947-1954. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13607.
Stampalija, T., Casati, D., Montico, M., Sassi, R., Rivolta, M. W., Maggi, V., … Ferrazzi, E. (2015). Parameters influence on acceleration and deceleration capacity based on trans-abdominal ECG in early fetal growth restriction at different gestational age epochs. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 188, 104-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.03.003
Stephan-Blanchard, E., Chardon, K., Djeddi, D. D., Leke, A., Delanaud, S., Bach, V., & Telliez, F. (2016). The dynamics of cardiac autonomic control in sleeping preterm neonates exposed in utero to smoking. Clinical Neurophysiology, 127(8), 2871-2877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.001
Stroustrup, A., Hsu, H. H., Svensson, K., Schnaas, L., Cantoral, A., Solano Gonzalez, M., … Wright, R. J. (2016). Toddler temperament and prenatal exposure to lead and maternal depression. Environmental Health, 15(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0147-7
Thayer, J. F., & Brosschot, J. F. (2005). Psychosomatics and psychopathology: Looking up and down from the brain. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 30(10), 1050-1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.04.014
Thiriez, G., Bouhaddi, M., Mourot, L., Nobili, F., Fortrat, J. O., Menget, A., … Regnard, J. (2009). Heart rate variability in preterm infants and maternal smoking during pregnancy. Clinical Autonomic Research, 19(3), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-009-0003-8
Thiriez, G., Mougey, C., Vermeylen, D., Wermenbol, V., Lanquart, J. P., Lin, J. S., & Franco, P. (2015). Altered autonomic control in preterm newborns with impaired neurological outcomes. Clinical Autonomic Research, 25(4), 233-242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-015-0298-6
Ulrich-Lai, Y. M., & Herman, J. P. (2009). Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic stress responses. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 10(6), 397-409. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2647
Valenza, G., Citi, L., Saul, J. P., & Barbieri, R. (2018). Measures of sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic outflow from heartbeat dynamics. Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, MD: 1985), 125(1), 19-39. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00842.2017
Valenza, G., Sclocco, R., Duggento, A., Passamonti, L., Napadow, V., Barbieri, R., & Toschi, N. (2019). The central autonomic network at rest: Uncovering functional MRI correlates of time-varying autonomic outflow. NeuroImage, 197, 383-390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.075
van Dijk, A. E., van Eijsden, M., Stronks, K., Gemke, R. J., & Vrijkotte, T. G. (2012). Prenatal stress and balance of the child's cardiac autonomic nervous system at age 5-6 years. PLoS One, 7(1), e30413. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030413
Vandenbroucke, L., Doyen, M., Le Lous, M., Beuchee, A., Loget, P., Carrault, G., & Pladys, P. (2017). Chorioamnionitis following preterm premature rupture of membranes and fetal heart rate variability. PLoS One, 12(9), e0184924. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184924
Veeraswamy, S., Vijayam, B., Gupta, V. K., & Kapur, A. (2012). Gestational diabetes: The public health relevance and approach. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 97(3), 350-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2012.04.024
Viskari-Lahdeoja, S., Hytinantti, T., Andersson, S., & Kirjavainen, T. (2008). Heart rate and blood pressure control in infants exposed to maternal cigarette smoking. Acta Paediatrica, 97(11), 1535-1541. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00966.x
Wehby, G. L., Prater, K., McCarthy, A. M., Castilla, E. E., & Murray, J. C. (2011). The impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy on early child neurodevelopment. Journal of Human Capital, 5(2), 207-254. https://doi.org/10.1086/660885
Yiallourou, S. R., Witcombe, N. B., Sands, S. A., Walker, A. M., & Horne, R. S. (2013). The development of autonomic cardiovascular control is altered by preterm birth. Early Human Development, 89(3), 145-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.09.009
Zeskind, P. S., & Gingras, J. L. (2006). Maternal cigarette-smoking during pregnancy disrupts rhythms in fetal heart rate. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 31(1), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsj031