Profile of incidental exposures to e-cigarette liquids in Europe, 2018-2019.


Journal

Human & experimental toxicology
ISSN: 1477-0903
Titre abrégé: Hum Exp Toxicol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9004560

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jun 2021
Historique:
pubmed: 5 12 2020
medline: 16 11 2021
entrez: 4 12 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Following the implementation of the European Union Tobacco Product Directive (EU TPD) regulations on e-cigarette products in 2016, we assessed the current profile of e-cigarette liquid exposure incidents and their associated health outcomes. De-identified data were received from poison centers in eight EU Member States (Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy, Hungary Austria, Finland, Spain and Croatia) reporting on e-cigarette liquid exposure incidents between August 2018 to December 2019. Descriptive analysis was conducted to present incident characteristics and health outcomes. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to test associations. Of the 223 e-liquid exposure incidents recorded by poison centers in multiple EU MS, 64.7% of the cases were unintentional exposures, ranging from 48.4% among adults aged ≥19 years to 100.0% among children aged 0-5 years (p < 0.05). The most frequent route of exposure was ingestion (73.5%) while55.2% experienced any clinical symptoms, including nausea (16.6%), vomiting (11.1%), and dizziness (9.0%). 57.8% of the cases were treated at the residence or on-site. Further monitoring is warranted, using uniform reporting requirements, to ensure the continued compliance to the EU TPD and assess its long-term impact on related incident characteristics.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Following the implementation of the European Union Tobacco Product Directive (EU TPD) regulations on e-cigarette products in 2016, we assessed the current profile of e-cigarette liquid exposure incidents and their associated health outcomes.
METHODS METHODS
De-identified data were received from poison centers in eight EU Member States (Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy, Hungary Austria, Finland, Spain and Croatia) reporting on e-cigarette liquid exposure incidents between August 2018 to December 2019. Descriptive analysis was conducted to present incident characteristics and health outcomes. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to test associations.
RESULTS RESULTS
Of the 223 e-liquid exposure incidents recorded by poison centers in multiple EU MS, 64.7% of the cases were unintentional exposures, ranging from 48.4% among adults aged ≥19 years to 100.0% among children aged 0-5 years (p < 0.05). The most frequent route of exposure was ingestion (73.5%) while55.2% experienced any clinical symptoms, including nausea (16.6%), vomiting (11.1%), and dizziness (9.0%). 57.8% of the cases were treated at the residence or on-site.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Further monitoring is warranted, using uniform reporting requirements, to ensure the continued compliance to the EU TPD and assess its long-term impact on related incident characteristics.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33272061
doi: 10.1177/0960327120975828
doi:

Substances chimiques

Nicotine 6M3C89ZY6R

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1045-1050

Auteurs

Constantine I Vardavas (CI)

Laboratory of Toxicology, 37778Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Charis Girvalaki (C)

Laboratory of Toxicology, 37778Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Satomi Odani (S)

Laboratory of Toxicology, 37778Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Katerina Nikitara (K)

Laboratory of Toxicology, 37778Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Irma de Vries (I)

Dutch Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Antoinette van Riel (A)

Dutch Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Iris van Sommeren-de Potter (I)

Dutch Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Johanna Nordmark Grass (JN)

Swedish Poisons Information Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.

Maria Caterina Grassi (MC)

Clinical Toxicology-Poison Control Centre and Drug Dependence Unit, Policlinico Umberto I-"Sapienza University of Rome", Rome, Italy.

Szilvia Deim (S)

National Public Health Center, Department for Chemical Safety and Competent Authority, Unit for Health Toxicological Information Service and Notification, Hungary.

Andrea Balázs (A)

National Public Health Center, Department for Chemical Safety and Competent Authority, Unit for Health Toxicological Information Service and Notification, Hungary.

Szabolcs Fosztó (S)

National Public Health Center, Department for Chemical Safety and Competent Authority, Unit for Health Toxicological Information Service and Notification, Hungary.

Helmut Schiel (H)

Poisons Information Centre, Vienna, Austria.

Tara Arif (T)

Poisons Information Centre, Vienna, Austria.

Anna-Kaisa Eronen (AK)

Poison Information Center, Finland.

Antonio Alonso Alonso (AA)

National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Madrid, Spain.

José Luis Conejo Menor (JLC)

National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Madrid, Spain.

Rosa Martinez Arrieta (RM)

National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Madrid, Spain.

Željka Babić (Ž)

Croatian Poison Control Centre at Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.

Rajka Turk (R)

Croatian Poison Control Centre at Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.

Alexander I Vardavas (AI)

Laboratory of Toxicology, 37778Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Aristidis Tsatsakis (A)

Laboratory of Toxicology, 37778Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

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Classifications MeSH