Advances in the classification and treatment of pediatric brain tumors.
Journal
Current opinion in pediatrics
ISSN: 1531-698X
Titre abrégé: Curr Opin Pediatr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9000850
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 02 2021
01 02 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
6
12
2020
medline:
26
5
2021
entrez:
5
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Recent genetic and molecular findings have impacted the diagnosis, prognosis, and in some instances, treatment strategies for children with pediatric central nervous system tumors. Herein, we review the most up-to-date molecular findings and how they have impacted tumor classification and clinical care. It is now recognized that aberrations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway are present in the majority of pediatric low-grade glioma. Also, there has been the identification of recurrent histone H3 K27M mutations in diffuse intrinsic pontine and other midline gliomas. Medulloblastoma is now divided into four molecular subgroups with distinct characteristics and prognoses. The classification of other unique embryonal tumors is also highlighted. Finally, we present the newest classification of ependymoma; supratentorial ependymomas comprise two subtypes based on expression of the chromosome 11 Open Reading Frame 95-reticuloendotheliosis Viral Oncogene Homolog A or yes-associated protein 1 fusion, whereas posterior fossa ependymomas are divided into two distinct molecular subgroups, posterior fossa-A and posterior fossa-B. These advances in the molecular classification of pediatric central nervous system tumors have not only assisted in diagnoses, but they have led to a new era of tumor classification and prognostication. They also have served as drivers for the evaluation of new targeted therapies based upon molecular aberrations with the hope for improved survival outcomes for our patients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33278109
pii: 00008480-202102000-00005
doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000975
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
26-32Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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