The impact of 2 weeks of detraining on phase angle, BIVA patterns, and muscle strength in trained older adults.
BIA
BIVA
Cellular health
Elderly
Muscle performance
Physical inactivity
Journal
Experimental gerontology
ISSN: 1873-6815
Titre abrégé: Exp Gerontol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0047061
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2021
02 2021
Historique:
received:
27
09
2020
revised:
25
11
2020
accepted:
29
11
2020
pubmed:
7
12
2020
medline:
3
6
2021
entrez:
6
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
An intermission in the training routine, in which older adults refrain from regular structured exercise, may have deleterious effects on muscle performance and bioelectric phase angle (PhA), which is a predictive marker for cellular integrity. To determine the effects of a 2-week detraining period on PhA and muscular strength (MS) in trained older adults. A total of 14 trained older adults (6 females) aged ≥65 years (77.2 ± 6.6) were assessed at baseline (i.e. trained condition) and after 2 weeks of detraining, where they refrained from their usual participation in structured exercise sessions. Whole-body resistance (R), reactance (Xc), and PhA were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA, single frequency, 50 kHz ± 1%, NutriLab, Akern). MS was assessed on both lower and upper limbs under isometric conditions. Differences between moments were examined using ANOVA for repeated measures, while adjusting for sex. Bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) was performed to evaluate changes in cellular function and body fluid content. Detraining resulted in declines in PhA (-4.34%) (p = 0.017). There was a significant difference in the mean impedance vectors from baseline to post-detraining (p < 0.05), which were driven by decreases in reactance (Xc) relative to height (Xc/H) with little change in resistance (R) relative to height (R/H) for both males and females. No differences were found in MS for both the leg press (p = 0.992) and bench press (p = 0.166) tests. A detraining period as short as 2-weeks is enough to cause alterations in the bodies bioelectrical properties, resulting in detrimental changes in PhA, due to alterations in cellular integrity, but not in MS. These results highlight the importance of maintaining structured exercise sessions in older adults, and reinforce the potential role of PhA as a sensitive predictor to detect acute changes in muscle cell integrity following alterations in exercise training.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
An intermission in the training routine, in which older adults refrain from regular structured exercise, may have deleterious effects on muscle performance and bioelectric phase angle (PhA), which is a predictive marker for cellular integrity.
PURPOSE
To determine the effects of a 2-week detraining period on PhA and muscular strength (MS) in trained older adults.
METHODS
A total of 14 trained older adults (6 females) aged ≥65 years (77.2 ± 6.6) were assessed at baseline (i.e. trained condition) and after 2 weeks of detraining, where they refrained from their usual participation in structured exercise sessions. Whole-body resistance (R), reactance (Xc), and PhA were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA, single frequency, 50 kHz ± 1%, NutriLab, Akern). MS was assessed on both lower and upper limbs under isometric conditions. Differences between moments were examined using ANOVA for repeated measures, while adjusting for sex. Bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) was performed to evaluate changes in cellular function and body fluid content.
RESULTS
Detraining resulted in declines in PhA (-4.34%) (p = 0.017). There was a significant difference in the mean impedance vectors from baseline to post-detraining (p < 0.05), which were driven by decreases in reactance (Xc) relative to height (Xc/H) with little change in resistance (R) relative to height (R/H) for both males and females. No differences were found in MS for both the leg press (p = 0.992) and bench press (p = 0.166) tests.
CONCLUSION
A detraining period as short as 2-weeks is enough to cause alterations in the bodies bioelectrical properties, resulting in detrimental changes in PhA, due to alterations in cellular integrity, but not in MS. These results highlight the importance of maintaining structured exercise sessions in older adults, and reinforce the potential role of PhA as a sensitive predictor to detect acute changes in muscle cell integrity following alterations in exercise training.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33279660
pii: S0531-5565(20)30523-4
doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111175
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
111175Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc.