Topical and Systemic Retinoids for the Treatment of Genital Warts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.


Journal

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1421-9832
Titre abrégé: Dermatology
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 9203244

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2021
Historique:
received: 08 08 2020
accepted: 26 08 2020
pubmed: 7 12 2020
medline: 20 11 2021
entrez: 6 12 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Genital warts, caused by the human papillomavirus, are a common sexually transmitted disease. The warts can regress spontaneously or exhibit a persistent clinical course. Various therapeutic modalities are available, yet none is curative, and there may be recurrences. Retinoids are considered the mainstay of therapy in many dermatologic diseases. Data on their use for genital warts are limited. To systematically review the published evidence on the efficacy and safety of retinoids for the treatment of genital warts. A systematic review and meta-analysis of all publications evaluating topical or systemic retinoids for the treatment of genital warts was performed. The primary outcome was complete response (CR); the secondary outcomes were recurrence rate and adverse events. Six publications were evaluated, three randomized controlled trials and three prospective cohort studies, including a total of 141 patients with genital warts treated exclusively with retinoids (90% with isotretinoin). CR rates were 100% for systemic etretinate (3 out of 3 patients, 95% CI 28-81%) and 56% for isotretinoin (95% CI 28-81%; I2 = 84%). Topical etretinate did not induce CR. The most common side effect of topical agents was irritant contact dermatitis (36%) and that of systemic agents mucocutaneous disorders (80%). The relapse rate was 12% for oral isotretinoin and was unavailable for the other modalities. Current data suggest that unlike topical retinoids, systemic retinoids are an effective and safe treatment for genital warts. Further studies are required to determine their specific role and the most effective regimen for each derivative.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Genital warts, caused by the human papillomavirus, are a common sexually transmitted disease. The warts can regress spontaneously or exhibit a persistent clinical course. Various therapeutic modalities are available, yet none is curative, and there may be recurrences. Retinoids are considered the mainstay of therapy in many dermatologic diseases. Data on their use for genital warts are limited.
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the published evidence on the efficacy and safety of retinoids for the treatment of genital warts.
METHODS METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis of all publications evaluating topical or systemic retinoids for the treatment of genital warts was performed. The primary outcome was complete response (CR); the secondary outcomes were recurrence rate and adverse events.
RESULTS RESULTS
Six publications were evaluated, three randomized controlled trials and three prospective cohort studies, including a total of 141 patients with genital warts treated exclusively with retinoids (90% with isotretinoin). CR rates were 100% for systemic etretinate (3 out of 3 patients, 95% CI 28-81%) and 56% for isotretinoin (95% CI 28-81%; I2 = 84%). Topical etretinate did not induce CR. The most common side effect of topical agents was irritant contact dermatitis (36%) and that of systemic agents mucocutaneous disorders (80%). The relapse rate was 12% for oral isotretinoin and was unavailable for the other modalities.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Current data suggest that unlike topical retinoids, systemic retinoids are an effective and safe treatment for genital warts. Further studies are required to determine their specific role and the most effective regimen for each derivative.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33279886
pii: 000511398
doi: 10.1159/000511398
doi:

Substances chimiques

Retinoids 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Meta-Analysis Systematic Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

389-395

Informations de copyright

© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Auteurs

Meital Oren-Shabtai (M)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Igor Snast (I)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Moshe Lapidoth (M)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Shany Sherman (S)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Yehonatan Noyman (Y)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Daniel Mimouni (D)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Emmilia Hodak (E)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Assi Levi (A)

Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

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Classifications MeSH