Pyronaridine: An update of its pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action.


Journal

Biopolymers
ISSN: 1097-0282
Titre abrégé: Biopolymers
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0372525

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Apr 2021
Historique:
revised: 14 08 2020
received: 30 06 2020
accepted: 17 08 2020
pubmed: 7 12 2020
medline: 15 12 2021
entrez: 6 12 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Pyronaridine (PYR) is an erythrocytic schizonticide with a potent antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium. The drug is used in combination with artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, in adults and children. The present review briefly retraces the discovery of PYR and recent antimalarial studies which has led to the approval of PYR/artesunate combination (Pyramax) by the European Medicines Agency to treat uncomplicated malaria worldwide. PYR also presents a marked antitumor activity and has revealed efficacy for the treatment of other parasitic diseases (notably Babesia and Trypanosoma infections) and to mitigate the Ebola virus propagation. On the one hand, PYR functions has an inhibitor of hemozoin (biomineral malaria pigment, by-product of hemoglobin digestion) formation, blocking the biopolymerization of β-hematin and thus facilitating the accumulation of toxic hematin into the digestive vacuole of the parasite. On the other hand, PYR is a bona fide DNA-intercalating agent and an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase 2, leading to DNA damages and cell death. Inhibition of hematin polymerization represents the prime mechanism at the origin of the antimalarial activity, whereas anticancer effects relies essentially on the interference with DNA metabolism, as with structurally related anticancer drugs like amsacrine and quinacrine. In addition, recent studies point to an immune modulatory activity of PYR and the implication of a mitochondrial oxidative pathway. An analogy with the mechanism of action of artemisinin drugs is underlined. In brief, the biological actions of pyronaridine are recapitulated to shed light on the diverse health benefits of this unsung drug.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33280083
doi: 10.1002/bip.23398
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antimalarials 0
Naphthyridines 0
Artesunate 60W3249T9M
pyronaridine TD3P7Q3SG6

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e23398

Informations de copyright

© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

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Auteurs

Christian Bailly (C)

OncoWitan, Lille, France.

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