S100β-mediated astroglial control of firing and input processing in layer 5 pyramidal neurons of the mouse visual cortex.
Nav 1.6
S100β
neuron-glia interaction
visual cortex
Journal
The Journal of physiology
ISSN: 1469-7793
Titre abrégé: J Physiol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0266262
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2021
01 2021
Historique:
received:
10
07
2020
accepted:
23
11
2020
pubmed:
9
12
2020
medline:
13
4
2021
entrez:
8
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Inputs impinging on layer 5 pyramidal neurons perform essential operations as these cells represent one of the most important output carriers of the cerebral cortex. However, the contribution of astrocytes, a type of glial cell, to these operations is poorly documented. Here we found that optogenetic activation of astrocytes in the vicinity of layer 5 in the mouse primary visual cortex induces spiking in local pyramidal neurons through Nav1.6 ion channels and prolongs the responses elicited in these neurons by stimulation of their distal inputs in cortical layer 1. This effect partially involved glutamatergic signalling but relied mostly on the astrocytic calcium-binding protein S100β, which regulates the concentration of calcium in the extracellular space around neurons. These findings show that astrocytes contribute to the fundamental computational operations of the cortex by acting on the ionic environment of neurons. The most complex cerebral functions are performed by the cortex, whose most important output is carried out by its layer 5 pyramidal neurons. Their firing reflects integration of the sensory and contextual information that they receive. There is evidence that astrocytes influence cortical neuron firing through the release of gliotransmitters such as ATP, glutamate or GABA. These effects have been described at the network and at the synaptic levels, but it is still unclear how astrocytes influence neuron input-output transfer function at the cellular level. Here, we used optogenetic tools coupled with electrophysiological, imaging and anatomical approaches to test whether and how astrocytic activation affected processing of distal inputs to layer 5 pyramidal neurons (L5PNs). We show that optogenetic activation of astrocytes near L5PN cell body prolonged firing induced by distal inputs to L5PNs and potentiated their ability to trigger spikes. The observed astrocytic effects on L5PN firing involved glutamatergic transmission to some extent but relied mostly on release of S100β, an astrocytic Ca
Substances chimiques
S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
677-707Subventions
Organisme : CIHR
ID : 14932
Pays : Canada
Organisme : CIHR
ID : 407083
Pays : Canada
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2020 The Physiological Society.
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