Soil-transmitted helminth infections among pre-school aged children in Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia: Prevalence, intensity and intervention status.
Adolescent
Aged
Ancylostomatoidea
/ pathogenicity
Animals
Ascariasis
/ epidemiology
Ascaris lumbricoides
/ pathogenicity
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Ethiopia
/ epidemiology
Feces
/ parasitology
Female
Hand Disinfection
Helminthiasis
/ parasitology
Helminths
/ pathogenicity
Humans
Male
Prevalence
Soil
/ parasitology
Trichuriasis
/ epidemiology
Trichuris
/ pathogenicity
Journal
PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
13
08
2020
accepted:
30
11
2020
entrez:
15
12
2020
pubmed:
16
12
2020
medline:
10
2
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Soil-transmitted helminths (STH), i.e., Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms are among the most prevalent Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Ethiopia. Although pre-school aged children pay a high morbidity toll associated with STH infections, evidence on prevalence, intensity and intervention status is lacking in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, aimed to address these gaps to inform decision made on STH. We did a community-based cross-sectional study in five districts of Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia; in January 2019. Data were collected using pre-tested questionnaire, and the Kato-Katz technique was used to diagnose parasites eggs in stool. Then, collected data were edited and entered into EpiData 4.4.2, and exported to SPSS software (IBM, version 25) for analysis. A total of 2462 PSAC participated in this study. Overall, the prevalence of STH was 23.5% (578/2462) (95% confidence interval (CI) = 21.8%-25.2%). As caris lumbricoides was the most prevalent (18.6%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (9.2%), and hookworms (3.1%). Of the total, 7.4% PSAC were infected with two STH species. Most of the positive cases with STH showed low infection intensities, while 15.1% ascariasis cases showed moderate infection intensities. The study found that 68.7% of PSAC were treated with albendazole. Also, household's level data showed that 39.4% used water from hand-dug well; 52.5% need to travel ≥30 minutes to collect water; 77.5% did not treat water, and 48.9% had no hand washing facility. In addition, almost 93% care givers achieved less than the mean knowledge and practice score (≤5) on STH prevention. This study showed that significant proportions of pre-school aged children are suffering from STH infections despite preventive chemotherapy exist at the study area. Also, gaps in the interventions against STH were highlighted. Thus, a call for action is demanding to eliminate STH among PSAC in Ethiopia by 2030.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Soil-transmitted helminths (STH), i.e., Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms are among the most prevalent Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Ethiopia. Although pre-school aged children pay a high morbidity toll associated with STH infections, evidence on prevalence, intensity and intervention status is lacking in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, aimed to address these gaps to inform decision made on STH.
METHODS
We did a community-based cross-sectional study in five districts of Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia; in January 2019. Data were collected using pre-tested questionnaire, and the Kato-Katz technique was used to diagnose parasites eggs in stool. Then, collected data were edited and entered into EpiData 4.4.2, and exported to SPSS software (IBM, version 25) for analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 2462 PSAC participated in this study. Overall, the prevalence of STH was 23.5% (578/2462) (95% confidence interval (CI) = 21.8%-25.2%). As caris lumbricoides was the most prevalent (18.6%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (9.2%), and hookworms (3.1%). Of the total, 7.4% PSAC were infected with two STH species. Most of the positive cases with STH showed low infection intensities, while 15.1% ascariasis cases showed moderate infection intensities. The study found that 68.7% of PSAC were treated with albendazole. Also, household's level data showed that 39.4% used water from hand-dug well; 52.5% need to travel ≥30 minutes to collect water; 77.5% did not treat water, and 48.9% had no hand washing facility. In addition, almost 93% care givers achieved less than the mean knowledge and practice score (≤5) on STH prevention.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that significant proportions of pre-school aged children are suffering from STH infections despite preventive chemotherapy exist at the study area. Also, gaps in the interventions against STH were highlighted. Thus, a call for action is demanding to eliminate STH among PSAC in Ethiopia by 2030.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33320918
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243946
pii: PONE-D-20-25387
pmc: PMC7737900
doi:
Substances chimiques
Soil
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0243946Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Références
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 08;9(10):e109793
pubmed: 25296337
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018 Aug 14;12(8):e0006606
pubmed: 30106975
BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Aug 17;18(1):408
pubmed: 30119650
Lancet. 2006 May 6;367(9521):1521-32
pubmed: 16679166
Trends Parasitol. 2003 Dec;19(12):547-51
pubmed: 14642761
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008 Mar 26;2(3):e126
pubmed: 18365031
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Oct 1;111(10):457-463
pubmed: 29346640
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Oct 16;8(10):e3248
pubmed: 25330010
World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2002;912:i-vi, 1-57, back cover
pubmed: 12592987
Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2006 Apr 21;81(16):145-63
pubmed: 16673507
Parasitology. 2000;121 Suppl:S23-38
pubmed: 11386688
PLoS Med. 2012 Jan;9(1):e1001162
pubmed: 22291577
Parasit Vectors. 2020 Sep 1;13(1):437
pubmed: 32873333
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Nov;91(5):1002-10
pubmed: 25157123
PLoS One. 2020 Jun 26;15(6):e0235281
pubmed: 32589660
BMJ Open. 2018 Apr 28;8(4):e021319
pubmed: 29705768
Int J Parasitol. 2010 Aug 15;40(10):1137-44
pubmed: 20430032
Lancet. 2009 May 2;373(9674):1570-5
pubmed: 19410718
Parasit Vectors. 2012 Apr 26;5:81
pubmed: 22537799
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 Sep 26;7(9):e2439
pubmed: 24086781
PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e45939
pubmed: 23029330
Environ Health Prev Med. 2018 Jun 22;23(1):26
pubmed: 29933747
Biomed Res Int. 2019 Dec 14;2019:3687873
pubmed: 31915688
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Mar;109(3):225-7
pubmed: 25371496
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Apr 11;13(4):e0007201
pubmed: 30973872
J Helminthol. 2011 Sep;85(3):234-8
pubmed: 20810012
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 25;10(8):e0136342
pubmed: 26305361
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1991 Jun;22(2):216-21
pubmed: 1948282
J Clin Invest. 2008 Apr;118(4):1311-21
pubmed: 18382743