The Enneagram: A systematic review of the literature and directions for future research.
assessment
enneagram
personality
spirituality
Journal
Journal of clinical psychology
ISSN: 1097-4679
Titre abrégé: J Clin Psychol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0217132
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2021
04 2021
Historique:
revised:
15
11
2020
received:
23
06
2020
accepted:
20
11
2020
pubmed:
18
12
2020
medline:
26
11
2021
entrez:
17
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The Enneagram is a typology that many clients use to understand their personality and interpersonal patterns, despite some concerns about its validity. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive and clinician-friendly review of the extant empirical work on the Enneagram. After reviewing 104 independent samples, we found mixed evidence of reliability and validity. In terms of strengths, some factor analytic work has shown partial alignment with prior theorizing, and subscales show theory-consistent relationships with other constructs such as the Big 5. Also, several studies found the Enneagram was helpful for personal/spiritual growth. However, factor analytic work has typically found fewer than nine factors, and no work has used clustering techniques to derive the nine types. Also, there is little research supporting secondary aspects of Enneagram theory, such as wings and intertype movement. We conclude by highlighting directions for future research and implications for clinical practice.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
865-883Informations de copyright
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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