Side Effects of Insecticides on Leaf-Miners and Gall-Inducers Depend on Species Ecological Traits and Competition with Leaf-Chewers.
Ecological sensitivity
Feeding traits
Insect competition
Insecticide
Population-level effects
Sessile herbivores
Trait-based
Journal
Environmental toxicology and chemistry
ISSN: 1552-8618
Titre abrégé: Environ Toxicol Chem
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8308958
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2021
04 2021
Historique:
revised:
19
10
2020
received:
17
08
2020
accepted:
14
12
2020
pubmed:
18
12
2020
medline:
25
11
2021
entrez:
17
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Internal feeding is considered to shield sessile herbivorous insects from exposure to nonsystemic insecticides aerially sprayed against forest defoliators, although this has not been tested. It is, however, established that leaf damage caused by defoliators affects the survivorship and oviposition behavior of sessile herbivores. Thus feeding ecology and competition may mediate nontarget effects of insecticides on these insects. We tested the ecological sensitivity of 3 guilds of sessile herbivores (upper-surface leaf-miners, lower-surface leaf-miners, and gall-inducers) to the lipophilic larvicides diflubenzuron and tebufenozide aerially applied either at operational rates (12 g active ingredient [a.i.]/ha and 69.6 g [a.i.]/ha, respectively) or at maximum legal rates (60 g [a.i.]/ha and 180 g [a.i.]/ha, respectively), in German oak forests. Diflubenzuron affected leaf-miners at different life stages depending on their position on the leaf but had no effect on gall-inducers. Tebufenozide showed a similar, but not significant, pattern in leaf-miners and did not affect gall-inducers. By reducing the incidence of chewing damage on leaves, both insecticides offset the negative effect of competition on leaf-miner and gall-inducers. The net outcome of insecticide treatment was positive for guilds avoiding exposure, but negative for upper-surface leaf-miners. Exposure to insecticides in situ can be mediated by subtle differences in species biology and species interactions, with potential implications for organisms usually considered safe in risk assessment studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;00:1-17. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Substances chimiques
Insecticides
0
Banques de données
figshare
['10.6084/m9.figshare.12818684']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1171-1187Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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