COVID-19 in children treated with immunosuppressive medication for kidney diseases.

nephrology virology

Journal

Archives of disease in childhood
ISSN: 1468-2044
Titre abrégé: Arch Dis Child
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0372434

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
21 Dec 2020
Historique:
received: 03 09 2020
revised: 06 11 2020
accepted: 16 11 2020
entrez: 23 12 2020
pubmed: 24 12 2020
medline: 24 12 2020
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Children are recognised as at lower risk of severe COVID-19 compared with adults, but the impact of immunosuppression is yet to be determined. This study aims to describe the clinical course of COVID-19 in children with kidney disease taking immunosuppressive medication and to assess disease severity. Cross-sectional study hosted by the European Rare Kidney Disease Reference Network and supported by the European, Asian and International paediatric nephrology societies. Anonymised data were submitted online for any child (age <20 years) with COVID-19 taking immunosuppressive medication for a kidney condition. Study recruited for 16 weeks from 15 March 2020 to 05 July 2020. The primary outcome was severity of COVID-19. 113 children were reported in this study from 30 different countries. Median age: 13 years (49% male). Main underlying reasons for immunosuppressive therapy: kidney transplant (47%), nephrotic syndrome (27%), systemic lupus erythematosus (10%). Immunosuppressive medications used include: glucocorticoids (76%), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (54%), tacrolimus/ciclosporine A (58%), rituximab/ofatumumab (11%). 78% required no respiratory support during COVID-19 illness, 5% required bi-level positive airway pressure or ventilation. Four children died; all deaths reported were from low-income countries with associated comorbidities. There was no significant difference in severity of COVID-19 based on gender, dialysis status, underlying kidney condition, and type or number of immunosuppressive medications. This global study shows most children with a kidney disease taking immunosuppressive medication have mild disease with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We therefore suggest that children on immunosuppressive therapy should not be more strictly isolated than children who are not on immunosuppressive therapy.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Children are recognised as at lower risk of severe COVID-19 compared with adults, but the impact of immunosuppression is yet to be determined. This study aims to describe the clinical course of COVID-19 in children with kidney disease taking immunosuppressive medication and to assess disease severity.
METHODS METHODS
Cross-sectional study hosted by the European Rare Kidney Disease Reference Network and supported by the European, Asian and International paediatric nephrology societies. Anonymised data were submitted online for any child (age <20 years) with COVID-19 taking immunosuppressive medication for a kidney condition. Study recruited for 16 weeks from 15 March 2020 to 05 July 2020. The primary outcome was severity of COVID-19.
RESULTS RESULTS
113 children were reported in this study from 30 different countries. Median age: 13 years (49% male). Main underlying reasons for immunosuppressive therapy: kidney transplant (47%), nephrotic syndrome (27%), systemic lupus erythematosus (10%). Immunosuppressive medications used include: glucocorticoids (76%), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (54%), tacrolimus/ciclosporine A (58%), rituximab/ofatumumab (11%). 78% required no respiratory support during COVID-19 illness, 5% required bi-level positive airway pressure or ventilation. Four children died; all deaths reported were from low-income countries with associated comorbidities. There was no significant difference in severity of COVID-19 based on gender, dialysis status, underlying kidney condition, and type or number of immunosuppressive medications.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
This global study shows most children with a kidney disease taking immunosuppressive medication have mild disease with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We therefore suggest that children on immunosuppressive therapy should not be more strictly isolated than children who are not on immunosuppressive therapy.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33355203
pii: archdischild-2020-320616
doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-320616
pmc: PMC7754669
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn

Informations de copyright

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: None declared.

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Auteurs

Matko Marlais (M)

UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK m.marlais@ucl.ac.uk.
Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Tanja Wlodkowski (T)

Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Samhar Al-Akash (S)

Driscoll Children's Kidney Center, Driscoll Children's Hospital, Corpus Christi, Texas, USA.

Petr Ananin (P)

Pediatric Nephrology, National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation.

Varun Kumar Bandi (VK)

Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and RF, Vijayawada, India.

Veronique Baudouin (V)

Hopital Universitaire Robert Debre-APHP, Paris, France.

Olivia Boyer (O)

Service de Néphrologie pédiatrique, Centres de référence MARHEA et SNI, Université de Paris, Inserm U1163, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.

Luciola Vásquez (L)

Pediatric Nephrology Transplant Department, G.Almenara Hospital, Lima, Peru.

Sukanya Govindan (S)

Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Mehta Multispecialty Hospitals, Chennai, India.

Nakysa Hooman (N)

Aliasghar Clinical Research Development Center, Aliasghar Children hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).

Iftikhar Ijaz (I)

Children's Kidney Centre, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Reyner Loza (R)

Nephrology Paediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrícs, Cayetano Heredia National Hospital, Lima, Peru.

Marta Melgosa (M)

Pediatric Nephrology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Nivedita Pande (N)

Department of Pediatrics, Topiwala National Medical College & B. Y. L. Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Lars Pape (L)

Department of Paediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Anshuman Saha (A)

Pediatric Nephrology, Institute Of Kidney Diseases And Research Center And Institute Of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Ahmedabad, India.

Dmitry Samsonov (D)

New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.

Michiel F Schreuder (MF)

Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Jyoti Sharma (J)

King Edward Memorial Hospital, Pune, India.

Sahar Siddiqui (S)

Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.

Rajiv Sinha (R)

ICH, Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, India.

Heather Stewart (H)

Dwaine & Cynthia Willet Children's Hospital, Savannah, Georgia, USA.

Velibor Tasic (V)

Paediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Skopje, North Macedonia.

Burkhard Tönshoff (B)

Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Katherine Twombley (K)

Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.

Kiran Upadhyay (K)

Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Marina Vivarelli (M)

Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Donald J Weaver (DJ)

Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Atrium Health Levine Children's, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.

Robert Woroniecki (R)

Stony Brook Children's Hospital, New York City, New York, USA.

Franz Schaefer (F)

Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Kjell Tullus (K)

Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Classifications MeSH