Acute ankle sprain in athletes: Clinical aspects and algorithmic approach.
Ankle sprain
Athlete
Exercise therapy
Rehabilitation
Return to play
Sport injury
Journal
World journal of orthopedics
ISSN: 2218-5836
Titre abrégé: World J Orthop
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101576349
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
18 Dec 2020
18 Dec 2020
Historique:
received:
25
02
2020
revised:
04
10
2020
accepted:
23
10
2020
entrez:
28
12
2020
pubmed:
29
12
2020
medline:
29
12
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Acute ankle sprain is the most common lower limb injury in athletes and accounts for 16%-40% of all sports-related injuries. It is especially common in basketball, American football, and soccer. The majority of sprains affect the lateral ligaments, particularly the anterior talofibular ligament. Despite its high prevalence, a high proportion of patients experience persistent residual symptoms and injury recurrence. A detailed history and proper physical examination are diagnostic cornerstones. Imaging is not indicated for the majority of ankle sprain cases and should be requested according to the Ottawa ankle rules. Several interventions have been recommended in the management of acute ankle sprains including rest, ice, compression, and elevation, analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications, bracing and immobilization, early weight-bearing and walking aids, foot orthoses, manual therapy, exercise therapy, electrophysical modalities and surgery (only in selected refractory cases). Among these interventions, exercise and bracing have been recommended with a higher level of evidence and should be incorporated in the rehabilitation process. An exercise program should be comprehensive and progressive including the range of motion, stretching, strengthening, neuromuscular, proprioceptive, and sport-specific exercises. Decision-making regarding return to the sport in athletes may be challenging and a sports physician should determine this based on the self-reported variables, manual tests for stability, and functional performance testing. There are some common myths and mistakes in the management of ankle sprains, which all clinicians should be aware of and avoid. These include excessive imaging, unwarranted non-weight-bearing, unjustified immobilization, delay in functional movements, and inadequate rehabilitation. The application of an evidence-based algorithmic approach considering the individual characteristics is helpful and should be recommended.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33362991
doi: 10.5312/wjo.v11.i12.534
pmc: PMC7745493
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
534-558Informations de copyright
©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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