The Role of Eryptosis in the Pathogenesis of Renal Anemia: Insights From Basic Research and Mathematical Modeling.
anemia
calcium
eryptosis
erythropoietin
hypoxia
kidney failure
oxidative stress
phosphatidylserine
Journal
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
ISSN: 2296-634X
Titre abrégé: Front Cell Dev Biol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101630250
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
23
08
2020
accepted:
16
10
2020
entrez:
28
12
2020
pubmed:
29
12
2020
medline:
29
12
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Red blood cells (RBC) are the most abundant cells in the blood. Despite powerful defense systems against chemical and mechanical stressors, their life span is limited to about 120 days in healthy humans and further shortened in patients with kidney failure. Changes in the cell membrane potential and cation permeability trigger a cascade of events that lead to exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the RBC membrane. The translocation of phosphatidylserine is an important step in a process that eventually results in eryptosis, the programmed death of an RBC. The regulation of eryptosis is complex and involves several cellular pathways, such as the regulation of non-selective cation channels. Increased cytosolic calcium concentration results in scramblase and floppase activation, exposing phosphatidylserine on the cell surface, leading to early clearance of RBCs from the circulation by phagocytic cells. While eryptosis is physiologically meaningful to recycle iron and other RBC constituents in healthy subjects, it is augmented under pathological conditions, such as kidney failure. In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, the number of eryptotic RBC is significantly increased, resulting in a shortened RBC life span that further compounds renal anemia. In CKD patients, uremic toxins, oxidative stress, hypoxemia, and inflammation contribute to the increased eryptosis rate. Eryptosis may have an impact on renal anemia, and depending on the degree of shortened RBC life span, the administration of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents is often insufficient to attain desired hemoglobin target levels. The goal of this review is to indicate the importance of eryptosis as a process closely related to life span reduction, aggravating renal anemia.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33363152
doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.598148
pmc: PMC7755649
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
598148Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Dias, Grobe, Rogg, Jörg, Pecoits-Filho, Moreno-Amaral and Kotanko.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
PK holds stock in Fresenius Medical Care. The Renal Research Institute is a wholly owned subsidiary of Fresenius Medical Care. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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