Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine particulate air pollution and their combined impact on reactive oxygen species concentration in lung fluid: a population-based cohort study of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in Toronto, Canada.

Air Pollutants / adverse effects Air Pollution / adverse effects Canada / epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology Cohort Studies Copper Environmental Exposure / adverse effects Humans Incidence Iron Lung Particulate Matter / adverse effects Reactive Oxygen Species
Fine particulate cardiovascular disease metals non-tailpipe emission

Journal

International journal of epidemiology
ISSN: 1464-3685
Titre abrégé: Int J Epidemiol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7802871

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
17 05 2021
Historique:
received: 13 02 2020
accepted: 26 10 2020
pubmed: 29 12 2020
medline: 8 7 2021
entrez: 28 12 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Exposure to fine particulate (PM2.5) air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD), but less is known about its specific components, such as metals originating from non-tailpipe emissions. We investigated the associations of long-term exposure to metal components [iron (Fe) and copper (Cu)] in PM2.5 with CVD incidence. We conducted a population-based cohort study in Toronto, Canada. Exposures to Fe and Cu in PM2.5 and their combined impact on the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lung fluid were estimated using land use regression models. Incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), congestive heart failure (CHF) and CVD death was ascertained using health administrative datasets. We used mixed-effects Cox regression models to examine the associations between the exposures and health outcomes. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted, including indirect adjustment for individual-level cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. smoking), and adjustment for PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). In single-pollutant models, we found positive associations between the three exposures and all three outcomes, with the strongest associations detected for the estimated ROS. The associations of AMI and CHF were sensitive to indirect adjustment, but remained robust for CVD death in all sensitivity analyses. In multi-pollutant models, the associations of the three exposures generally remained unaltered. Interestingly, adjustment for ROS did not substantially change the associations between PM2.5 and CVD, but attenuated the associations of NO2. Long-term exposure to Fe and Cu in PM2.5 and their combined impact on ROS were consistently associated with increased CVD death.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Exposure to fine particulate (PM2.5) air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD), but less is known about its specific components, such as metals originating from non-tailpipe emissions. We investigated the associations of long-term exposure to metal components [iron (Fe) and copper (Cu)] in PM2.5 with CVD incidence.
METHODS
We conducted a population-based cohort study in Toronto, Canada. Exposures to Fe and Cu in PM2.5 and their combined impact on the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lung fluid were estimated using land use regression models. Incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), congestive heart failure (CHF) and CVD death was ascertained using health administrative datasets. We used mixed-effects Cox regression models to examine the associations between the exposures and health outcomes. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted, including indirect adjustment for individual-level cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. smoking), and adjustment for PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
RESULTS
In single-pollutant models, we found positive associations between the three exposures and all three outcomes, with the strongest associations detected for the estimated ROS. The associations of AMI and CHF were sensitive to indirect adjustment, but remained robust for CVD death in all sensitivity analyses. In multi-pollutant models, the associations of the three exposures generally remained unaltered. Interestingly, adjustment for ROS did not substantially change the associations between PM2.5 and CVD, but attenuated the associations of NO2.
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term exposure to Fe and Cu in PM2.5 and their combined impact on ROS were consistently associated with increased CVD death.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa230 PMID: 33367589
pubmed: 33367589
pii: 6048185
doi: 10.1093/ije/dyaa230
doi:

Substances chimiques

Air Pollutants 0
Particulate Matter 0
Reactive Oxygen Species 0
Copper 789U1901C5
Iron E1UOL152H7

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

589-601

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2020; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.

Auteurs

Zilong Zhang (Z)

Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Scott Weichenthal (S)

Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Jeffrey C Kwong (JC)

Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Richard T Burnett (RT)

Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Marianne Hatzopoulou (M)

Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Michael Jerrett (M)

School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Aaron van Donkelaar (AV)

Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Li Bai (L)

ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Randall V Martin (RV)

Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Ray Copes (R)

Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Hong Lu (H)

ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Pascale Lakey (P)

Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.

Manabu Shiraiwa (M)

Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.

Hong Chen (H)

Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Actions chimiques et utilisations › Actions toxiques › Polluants environnementaux › Polluants atmosphériques › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Pollution de l'environnement › Pollution de l'air › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Régions géographiques › Amériques › Amérique du Nord › Canada › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies cardiovasculaires › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études de cohortes › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Produits chimiques inorganiques › Métaux › Métaux lourds › Cuivre › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Pollution de l'environnement › Exposition environnementale › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Collecte de données › Registre civil › Morbidité › Incidence › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Produits chimiques inorganiques › Métaux › Métaux lourds › Fer › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Appareil respiratoire › Poumon › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Mélanges complexes › Matière particulaire › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Produits chimiques inorganiques › Composés de l'oxygène › Espèces réactives de l'oxygène › Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine...