Surface-Dwelling Aquatic Insects in Low-Energy Freshwater Environments Are Highly Impacted by Oil Spills and the Surface Washing Agent Corexit EC9580A Used in Oil Spill Response.
Aquatic invertebrates
Invertebrate toxicology
Oil spills
Physical toxicity
Pleuston
Surface washing agent
Journal
Environmental toxicology and chemistry
ISSN: 1552-8618
Titre abrégé: Environ Toxicol Chem
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8308958
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
revised:
02
09
2020
received:
06
08
2020
accepted:
21
12
2020
pubmed:
29
12
2020
medline:
25
11
2021
entrez:
28
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Physical impacts of diluted bitumen (dilbit) and the application of surface washing agents (SWAs) in freshwater have not been characterized for aquatic invertebrates. These compounds are known to reduce surface tension in feather and fur microstructures of birds and mammals, and are thus likely to affect the buoyancy of surface-dwelling aquatic insects. We evaluated impacts of fresh dilbit and a SWA on water striders (Metrobates sp.), which are surface-dwelling organisms that rely on fine-hair microstructures to remain buoyant. We report nominal sheen thickness values that cause 50% immobility in 48 h as determined from exposure studies in outdoor tanks. A comparison of our data with those from historic oil spill volumes in Canada and the United States in the past 12 yr indicates that our reported nominal sheen thicknesses could have been reached or exceeded in 99% of historic spills when scaled to a small reference lake. The addition of Corexit EC9580A, a SWA approved for marine use in Canada, led to 100% immobility in striders within minutes, both in combination with oil and alone. Our study reveals an acute sensitivity to Corexit EC9580A and dilbit by surface-dwelling insects and may be driven by disruption of mechanisms of buoyancy. We highlight a need to evaluate physical impacts, typically excluded from standard toxicity testing, within the context of spill impact mitigation assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1298-1307. © 2020 SETAC.
Substances chimiques
Petroleum
0
Water Pollutants, Chemical
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1298-1307Informations de copyright
© 2020 SETAC.
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