Immunohistological detection of small particles of Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus in lymph nodes is associated with enlarged lymph nodes in alveolar and cystic echinococcosis.
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal
/ immunology
Child
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Echinococcosis
/ diagnosis
Echinococcosis, Hepatic
/ diagnosis
Echinococcus granulosus
/ immunology
Echinococcus multilocularis
/ immunology
Female
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
/ methods
Lymph Nodes
/ parasitology
Lymphadenopathy
/ parasitology
Male
Middle Aged
Young Adult
Journal
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
ISSN: 1935-2735
Titre abrégé: PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101291488
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2020
12 2020
Historique:
received:
07
05
2020
accepted:
26
10
2020
entrez:
28
12
2020
pubmed:
29
12
2020
medline:
17
2
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Alveolar (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE) in humans are caused by the metacestode of the tapeworms Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.). Immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) Em2G11, specific for AE, and the mAb EmG3, specific for AE and CE, is an important pillar of the histological diagnosis of these two infections. Our aim was to further evaluate mAb EmG3 in a diagnostic setting and to analyze in detail the localization, distribution, and impact of small particles of Echinococcus multilocularis (spems) and small particles of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. (spegs) on lymph nodes. We evaluated the mAb EmG3 in a cohort of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens of AE (n = 360) and CE (n = 178). These samples originated from 156 AE-patients and 77 CE-patients. mAb EmG3 showed a specific staining of the metacestode stadium of E. multilocularis and E. granulosus s.l. and had a higher sensitivity for spems than mAb Em2G11. Furthermore, we detected spegs in the surrounding host tissue and in almost all tested lymph nodes (39/41) of infected patients. 38/47 lymph nodes of AE showed a positive reaction for spems with mAb EmG3, whereas 29/47 tested positive when stained with mAb Em2G11. Spegs were detected in the germinal centers, co-located with CD23-positive follicular dendritic cells, and were present in the sinuses. Likewise, lymph nodes with spems and spegs in AE and CE were significantly enlarged in size in comparison to the control group. mAb EmG3 is specific for AE and CE and is a valuable tool in the histological diagnosis of echinococcosis. Based on the observed staining patterns, we hypothesize that the interaction between parasite and host is not restricted to the main lesion since spegs are detected in lymph nodes. Moreover, in AE the number of spems-affected lymph nodes is higher than previously assumed. The enlargement of lymph nodes with spems and spegs points to an immunological interaction with the small immunogenic particles (spems and spegs) of Echinococcus spp.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Alveolar (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE) in humans are caused by the metacestode of the tapeworms Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.). Immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) Em2G11, specific for AE, and the mAb EmG3, specific for AE and CE, is an important pillar of the histological diagnosis of these two infections. Our aim was to further evaluate mAb EmG3 in a diagnostic setting and to analyze in detail the localization, distribution, and impact of small particles of Echinococcus multilocularis (spems) and small particles of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. (spegs) on lymph nodes.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
We evaluated the mAb EmG3 in a cohort of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens of AE (n = 360) and CE (n = 178). These samples originated from 156 AE-patients and 77 CE-patients. mAb EmG3 showed a specific staining of the metacestode stadium of E. multilocularis and E. granulosus s.l. and had a higher sensitivity for spems than mAb Em2G11. Furthermore, we detected spegs in the surrounding host tissue and in almost all tested lymph nodes (39/41) of infected patients. 38/47 lymph nodes of AE showed a positive reaction for spems with mAb EmG3, whereas 29/47 tested positive when stained with mAb Em2G11. Spegs were detected in the germinal centers, co-located with CD23-positive follicular dendritic cells, and were present in the sinuses. Likewise, lymph nodes with spems and spegs in AE and CE were significantly enlarged in size in comparison to the control group.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE
mAb EmG3 is specific for AE and CE and is a valuable tool in the histological diagnosis of echinococcosis. Based on the observed staining patterns, we hypothesize that the interaction between parasite and host is not restricted to the main lesion since spegs are detected in lymph nodes. Moreover, in AE the number of spems-affected lymph nodes is higher than previously assumed. The enlargement of lymph nodes with spems and spegs points to an immunological interaction with the small immunogenic particles (spems and spegs) of Echinococcus spp.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33370302
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008921
pii: PNTD-D-20-00795
pmc: PMC7769273
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Monoclonal
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0008921Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Références
Am J Surg Pathol. 1987 Nov;11(11):866-82
pubmed: 3499826
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(10):e1877
pubmed: 23145198
Infection. 2019 Oct;47(5):703-727
pubmed: 31147846
Semin Immunol. 2008 Feb;20(1):14-25
pubmed: 18261920
Am J Surg Pathol. 2020 Jan;44(1):43-54
pubmed: 31567204
Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2009 Jul;394(4):699-704
pubmed: 19373487
J Immunol. 1992 Apr 15;148(8):2340-7
pubmed: 1532811
Trends Parasitol. 2011 May;27(5):204-13
pubmed: 21257348
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Jan;82(1):126-7
pubmed: 20065007
Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2018 Aug;403(5):655-662
pubmed: 29909530
Immunol Rev. 2016 Mar;270(1):8-19
pubmed: 26864101
Parasitol Int. 2006;55 Suppl:S283-7
pubmed: 16343985
Infect Immun. 2014 Aug;82(8):3164-76
pubmed: 24842926
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 May 25;11(5):e0005636
pubmed: 28542546
Parasitol Res. 2010 Aug;107(3):623-9
pubmed: 20490547
Adv Parasitol. 2017;95:315-493
pubmed: 28131365
Front Immunol. 2012 May 18;3:123
pubmed: 22629255
Immunol Rev. 1997 Apr;156:39-52
pubmed: 9176698
Parasitology. 1991 Aug;103 Pt 1:41-9
pubmed: 1945524
CSH Protoc. 2008 May 01;2008:pdb.prot4986
pubmed: 21356829
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2010;2010:923193
pubmed: 20339517
Stain Technol. 1948 Jul;23(3):99-108
pubmed: 18867618
Exp Parasitol. 2015 Nov;158:23-30
pubmed: 25816974
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2016 Jul 11;18:207-33
pubmed: 26928210
Infect Immun. 2001 Oct;69(10):6074-83
pubmed: 11553545
J Clin Microbiol. 2016 Mar;54(3):518-23
pubmed: 26677245
Adv Parasitol. 2017;95:213-314
pubmed: 28131364
Int J Parasitol. 2013 Nov;43(12-13):1017-29
pubmed: 23872521
Acta Trop. 2003 Feb;85(2):253-61
pubmed: 12606104
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2010 Oct;23(5):505-12
pubmed: 20683265
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(2):e1516
pubmed: 22363826
Adv Parasitol. 2017;95:65-109
pubmed: 28131366
J Immunol. 2010 Jul 15;185(2):795-802
pubmed: 20601611
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Jan;17(1):107-35
pubmed: 14726458
Eur J Immunol. 2010 Aug;40(8):2134-8
pubmed: 20853499
J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 22;277(8):5742-8
pubmed: 11729180
J Immunol. 2004 Dec 15;173(12):7454-61
pubmed: 15585871
Hum Pathol. 2013 Jun;44(6):937-50
pubmed: 23332930
Infect Immun. 2008 Dec;76(12):5754-9
pubmed: 18824534
Sci Rep. 2016 Dec 14;6:39204
pubmed: 27966637
Adv Parasitol. 2017;96:259-369
pubmed: 28212790